Genetic engineering of temperature stress tolerance

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Dr.Gombos stayd in the National Institute for Basic Biology from September 6th to December 1st, 1995.He, together with Dr.Murata and Dr.Hayashi, studied the photoinhibition of photosystem II at low temperature in Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803.The Synechocystis cells were exposed to various periods of strong light to induce the photoinhibition, which was followed by the recovery of the photosynthetic machinery from the photoinhibited state under dim light at room temperature.It was demonstrated that the photoinhibition was separated into two components ; one was reversible, and the other was irreversible.The reversible component can be explained by the turnover of the D1 protein in the photosystem II complex.The irreversible component had not been well studied, and its molecular mechanism is unknown.In the view point of physiology, the irreversible photoinhibition is deteriorious to the photosynthetic organisms, whereas the reversible photoinhibition provides them with temporal depression of photosynthesis.2.Dr.Okuyama stayd in Biological Research Center from July 14th to July 29th, 1995.He, together with Dr.Gombos and Dr.Szalontai, studied the cryophilicity and the physical phase of membrane lipids of antarctic Haptophyte, Prymnesiophyte strain B.The photosynthesis of the cells of this strain grown 5ﾟC revealed the optimum temperature at 5ﾟC,and the phase transition of the membrane lipids3.Dr.Murata stayd in Biological Research Center from March 10th to March 29th, 1996.He, together with Dr.Gombos and Dr.Hideg, studied the heat tolerance of Synechococcus sp.PCC 7002.The disruption the groEL-beta gene by insertional mutation decreased the viability of this strain after the heat shock.However, the disruption did not affect the heat stability of the photosynthetic activity.These results are likely to suggest that the heat shock protein GroEl-beta is not related to the heat acclimation.appeared below 5ﾟC.