Studies on acid fog, acid shock induced by melted snow and ecosystem of wetland in the Eastern Hokkaido, Japan

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The fog duration time in Kushiro is strongly indicating low in El Nino years since 1976. This is caused by the weakened nonsoon in summer, associated with the North Pacific high pressure system since it will become weaken over Japan during El Nino events.Acidity of rain and fog in the eastern Hokkaido has been increasing every year, and recently the very high acidity of fog has frequently appeared in the summer period, for example, June. These high acidity of fog could be caused by fog generated on the sea of Pacific Ocean and contained of acidic aerozol long-transported from the Asian continent of industrialized countries. In order to estimate the wetland ecosystem, and acidification of fog and rain, chemical properties of wet deposotion inside and outside the forest in the wetland were observed. We discuss the relationship between fog, rain frequency and chemical deposition.