A Basic Study of the Gramsci's Prison Notebooks

在批判版的葛兰西《监狱笔记》（共32卷）中，最重要的是“特别笔记”系列。在本研究中，我们对“特殊笔记”进行了分析。研究结果如下：1)葛兰西对第三国际经济决定论、唯一性和还原论的批判，以及对作为其哲学基础的机械唯物主义的批判的思考，基本完成于注10和注11（所谓的“哲学笔记”）。在后来的“特别笔记”中，中心主题是霸权及其机构的问题。围绕这一主题，他对政治学、历史和文化理论进行了阐述。2)《注12》（即所谓的“知识分子注”）是“专题注”中完成得最好的，构成了分析文化与霸权的“文化著述注”的基础。尤其是知识分子的等级形成，更成为实际分析霸权关系的关键时刻。(3)正如葛兰西“国家=政治社会+市民社会”这一命题的重要意义一样，葛兰西将市民社会理论作为政治和社会理论来考虑是很重要的。葛兰西强调市民社会是霸权关系和霸权斗争的场域。同时，它也是形成“自我治理能力”的领域，然后通过与政治社会的联合而得到加强。4)分析了人们对“变形”、“墨守成规”等概念关注较少的问题。我们的研究表明，转型是一个概念，它暗示了公民社会与政治社会之间的不平衡，而墨守陈规则表明了文化霸权的多样性和复杂性。通过以上总结的研究结果，我们清楚地看到葛兰西关于霸权的讨论在政治、社会和文化维度上得到了发展和扩展，文化问题成为他《监狱笔记》后半部的主题。少

In the critical edition of the Gramsci's "Prison Notebooks" (total 32 volumes), the most important is the series of "Special Notes". In this study, we engaged in analyzing the "special notes". The results from the study are as follows.1) Gramsci's consideration on the critique of the Third International's economistic determi, nism and reductionism, then of mechanical materialism which functioned as the former's philosophical foundation, was completed basically in the Note 10 and 11 (the so-called "philosophical notes"). In the later "Special Notes", the central theme is the problem of hegemony and its apparatus. Following this theme, his discussions on political science, history and cultural theory are articulated.2) the Note 12 (the so-called "note on intellectuals") is the best accomplished among the "Special Notes, "and constituted the foundation for the "Note on cultural writings" related to the analysis of culture and hegemony. In particulr, hierarchlcal formation of intellectuals … More group become the critical moment for the actual analysis of hegemonic relations.3) As is significant in Gramsci's thesis "the state=political society+civil society", Gramsci's consideration related to the theory of civil society as political and social theory is important. Gramsic emphasized that civil society is the field of hegemony relations and struggles. At the same time, it is also the field where "auto-governing ability" is made, then strengthened through associations against political society.4) We analyzed the concepts such as "trasformismo" and "conformismo" which have been paid poor attentions. Our study shows that while trasformismo is the concept that suggests the discquilibrium between civil society and political society, conformismo suggests the multiplicity (variety) and complexity of cultural hegemony.Through the results of our study as summarized above, we made clear that Gramsci's discussion on hegemony developed and extended in the political, social and cultural dimensions, and that the problem of culture become the main theme in the later part of his Prison Notebooks. Less