The role of water metabolism on the environmental adaptation

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Adaptive mechanisms to various environments were studied in relationship with water balance. The scientist gathered for this projects were experts in this field, and deal with receptor mechanisms, volume and osmolar receptors, thirst and drinking behavior, sympathetic control of renal function, central mechanisms of water balance, the relationship between water balance and regulations of body temperature and circulation, and comparative aspects of water metabolism. These scientists gather twice during the term of this projects, and exchanged their recent progress of their research and ideas, and tried to obtain the integration of individual research.New findings reported during this projects are as follows : Modification of osmosensitivity of AVP secretory cells and AV3V cells by estrogen (Akaish & Honma) , the role of liver Na-receptor in the feedforward control of Na balance (Hosomi, Morita) , the role of IL-1 in the control of drinking behavior, cardio-vascular and kidney function (Kannan) , analysis of body fluid shift with continuous determination of blood density and serum electrolytes in response to headout water immersion (Shiraki) , comparative analysis of ANP-family (CNP,BNP,VNP) and its significance in evolution (Takei) , central neuronal network for the control of AVP secretion (Negoro) , cell mechanisms of osmoreception by PVN and SON neurons (Ysamashita) , cerebrospinal osmolality and control of cutaneous circulation(Nose), and the effects of body fluid volume and osmolality on the control of circulation and body temperature regulation (Morimoto).At the meeting held on November 29-30, synthesis of the results from member investigators were discussed, and each participant agreed with the necessity of this kind of cooperation in future.