An analysis of the effects of the transportation improvement policies on individuals'quality of life based on individuals'time use data

基于个人时间使用数据的交通改善政策对个人生活质量的影响分析

• 批准号: 07455205
• 负责人: KITAMURA Ryuichi
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07455205/
• 关键词: activity analysis; quality of life; timeuse; activity pattern choice; induced trips; accessibility index; 時間利用データ; パネル分析; アクティビイティ分析; アクティビィティ分析; 阪神淡路大震災

In this study, we collected individuals'time use data through household survey in Osaka-Kobe metropolitan area. Using the data sets we collected and the other individuals'time use data sets, we developed activity models and applied it to the evaluation of transportation improvement policies.We developed a time allocation model to two types of discretionary activities based on the concept of random utility maximization. Discretionary activities are engaged in in-home and out-of-home. The latter causes the trip to the place the activity is engaged. The analysis can be adopted to forecast trip generations.A structural equations model system of commuters'time use and travel after work was developed to evaluate induced trips. The resulting model system was applied to evaluate some alternative improvement strategies. A model system was developed for quantifying the utility associated with individuals'daily activity-travel patterns. Assuming that individuals allocate time to each activity whi … More le maximizing the total utility, the duration of each activity is determined and choice probabilities associated with alternative daily patterns are evaluated. This methodological framework was applied to the evaluation of alternative transportation improvement policies.An accessibility index based on activity pattern choice model was developed in order to evaluate transportation measures that contribute to individuals'quality of life. This accessibility index was formulated as the expected maximum utility. The calculation of the accessibility index indicated that accessibility is affected by residential location, work location, and commuting time.A micro-simulation model system of individuals'daily activity behavior was presented. This simulation model incorporates spatial, temporal and coupling constraints that restrict individuals'daily activity behavior. The model system is composed of an activity choice model, a mode and destination choice model and activity duration models. The model system was applied to estimate the effect of hypothetical transportation policies on an imaginary individual. Less

本研究以大阪-神户都市圈为研究对象，通过入户调查，收集个人的时间使用数据。利用收集到的数据集和其他个体的时间使用数据集，建立了活动模型，并将其应用于交通改善政策的评价；基于随机效用最大化的概念，建立了两类可自由支配活动的时间分配模型。可自由支配的活动有在家和外出两种。后者导致了前往活动所在地点的旅行。建立了通勤者的出行时间和下班后出行的结构方程模型体系，对诱发性出行进行了评价。将所得到的模型系统应用于评价一些可选的改进策略。开发了一个模型系统，用于量化与个人日常活动-旅行模式相关的效用。假设个人将时间分配给…的每一项活动在最大化总效用的情况下，确定每个活动的持续时间，并评估与可选的日常模式相关联的选择概率。将该方法框架应用于替代交通改善政策的评价，建立了基于活动模式选择模型的可达性指数，以评价对个人生活质量有贡献的交通措施。这个可及性指数是作为预期的最大效用而制定的。通过可达性指数的计算表明，居住地点、工作地点和通勤时间对可达性有影响，提出了个人日常活动行为的微观模拟模型体系。该仿真模型融合了空间、时间和耦合约束，约束了个体的日常活动行为。模型体系由活动选择模型、方式和目的地选择模型和活动持续时间模型组成。该模型系统被用来估计假设的交通政策对一个假想的个体的影响。较少

项目成果

藤井聡: "個人の意思決定過程を考慮した生活行動マイクロシミュレーションPCATSの構築" 日本行動計量学会第24回大会論文抄録集. 92-95 (1996)

Satoshi Fujii：“考虑个人决策过程的日常生活行为的微观模拟 PCATS 的构建”日本行为计量学会第 24 届年会记录 92-95（1996）。

藤井聡: "誘発交通需要分析を目指した就業者の活動パターンに関する分析" 土木学会論文集. No. 562 IV-35. (1997)

Satoshi Fujii：“旨在分析诱导交通需求的工人活动模式分析”，日本土木工程师学会汇刊第 562 IV-35 号（1997 年）。

北村隆一: "選択構造の固有性を考慮した交通機関及び目的地選択モデルの構築" 土木計画学・講演集. 18(2). 721-724 (1995)

Ryuichi Kitamura：“考虑选择结构的独特性的交通方式和目的地选择模型的构建”土木工程规划讲座18（2）721-724（1995）。

S.Fujii: "A micro-simulation model system of individuals'daily activity behavior (PCATS) which accounts for the decision process" Proceedings of the 24th Meeting of the Behaviormetric Society of Japan. 92-95 (1996)

S.Fujii：“解释决策过程的个人日常活动行为的微观模拟模型系统（PCATS）”日本行为计量学会第 24 届会议记录。

S.Fujii: "A study of commuters'activity patterns for the estimation of induced trips" Proceedings of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers. No.562/IV-35. (1997)

S.Fujii：“用于估计诱发出行的通勤者活动模式的研究”日本土木工程师学会会议录。