Occupational Career and Life Style

受访者是出生于1908年至1927年之间的人。我的目的是掌握他们受职业生涯影响的生活方式和社会关系的特点。我想要思考人生和事业的意义。我也认为比较女性和男性的生活方式很重要。我将在这里展示三点作为我的发现。我把重点放在了家庭主妇的理论问题上。家庭主妇作为一种生活方式在20世纪70年代的日本似乎成为了主流。但我们的数据显示，家庭主妇有时在家或在外面做兼职。这是家庭主妇作为女性生活方式的一种，从二战前的资产阶级向战后日本工人阶级传播的现象。没有工作的家庭主妇不仅出现在白领家庭，在我们的案例中也出现在蓝领家庭。这是因为蓝领工人有时在大企业工作，工资很高。(2)男性在同一家公司工作了很长时间，或者在整个职业生涯中一直从事同样的工作。有些人退休后继续与同事或同事聚会并保持友好关系。甚至他们的家庭主妇有时也跟着他们走。(3)与男性相比，更多的女性拥有帮助她们的关键人物作为人力资源。与此同时，越来越多的女性拥有广泛的熟人圈子。这解释了一个事实，即越来越多的女性容易失去配偶，需要为新的生活阶段重新组织社交网络。

The respondents are people who were born between 1908 and 1927. My aim was to grasp the characteristics of their life styles and social relationships which are affected by occupational careers. I would like to consider the meaning of life and careers. I also think it important to compare women's life styles with men's. I will show three points as my findings here.(1) I focused on the theoretical problems of housewives. The housewife as one kind of life style seemed to make the mainstream in the 1970's in Japan. But our data show housewives sometimes did part-time jobs at home or outside. This was a phenomenon whereby housewives, as one kind of women's life styles, spread from the bourgeoisie before the second world war to the working class in postwar Japan. Housewives who did not have jobs are found not only in white collar families, but also in blue collar ones in our cases. This is because blue collar workers sometimes worked for high wages in big business.(2) Men had worked for the same company for a long time or had continued the same jobs throughout their working lives. Some people continued to get together with and maintain friendly relations with colleages or co-workers after retirement. Even their housewives sometimes followed their ways.(3) More women have key persons who help them as human resources in comparison with men. At the same time, more women have a wide circle of acquaintances. This explains a fact that more women are apt to lost their spouses and need to reorganize a social network for their new life stage.