General Attributes and Management Creed of Woman Presidents in Japanese Small and Medium-Sized Companies

本研究的目的是从企业和个人两个角度研究日本中小企业女总裁的总体属性的一般特征。样本数量为1 246名女总裁，她们是从中小型公司总裁名录中选出的（东京商工研究公司编辑，瑞月出版社，1992年）。这样大的样本量似乎是该研究领域的一个独创性特征。调查问卷的结果目前正在分析中，并将发表在《流通大学学报》（1997年9月）上。因此，我在此报告初步调查的结果。这些企业和个人的总体特征如下：（1）企业销售额在10亿日元至20亿日元以下的企业最多（568家，占42.6%）。(2)大多数公司（405家公司; 30.4%）成立于1960年至1969年期间。(3)雇员少于100人的公司最多（1，089家公司; 81.6%）。(4)就总部所在地而言，东京拥有最多的公司（172家），大坂府拥有最多的总裁（160名）。这意味着更多的女性在东京而不是大坂同时担任两家或两家以上公司的总裁。(5)至于出生地，大坂府的总裁人数最多（97人），而东京的公司数量最多（113人）。由此可见，Pref.is是“女总统之城”的诞生地。(6)截至1990年10月，最多的女总统（249名）年龄在60至64岁之间。

The purpose of this research is to study the general features of overall attributes of woman presidents in Japanese small and medium-sized companies from both view points of corporations and individuals. The number of samples is 1,246 woman presidents who were selected from the Directory of Presidents in Small and Medium-sized Companies, (Tokyo Commerce and Industry Research Co.ed., Mizuki Publishing Co., 1992). Such a large sample seems to be an original characteristic in this research field.The results of the questionnaire are being analyzed now, and will be published in the Ryutsu-Kagaku Daogaku-Ronshu (Journal of University of Marketing and Distribution Sciences, September, 1997).Therefore, I will report on the results of the preliminary investigation here.The 1,246 women had presidential positions at 1,334 companies. Total attributes of those companies and individuals are pointed out as follows : (1) The most number of companies had company sales of 1 billion yen to less than 2 billion yen (568 companies ; 42.6%). (2) The most companies (405 companies ; 30.4%) were established during the period from 1960 to 1969. (3) The most number of companies had less than 100 employees (1,089 companies ; 81.6%). (4) As for the location of headquarters, Tokyo had the most number of companies (172) and Osaka Pref.had the most number of presidents (160). This means more woman are serving as the president of two or more companies concurrently in Tokyo rather than Osaka. (5) As for the place of birth, Osaka Pref.had the most number of presidents (97) though Tokyo had the most number of companies (113). This shows that Osaka Pref.is the "woman president's city" in the place of birth. (6) The most woman presidents (249) were from 60 to 64 years old as of October, 1990.