Molecular phylogeny of Rasaceae based on S-RNase related and organelle DNA polymorphism

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(1) The results demonstrate the maternal inheritance of organelle DNA in rose and apple.(2) Phylogenetic analysis among 19 Malus species were carried out using the RFLP analysis of organelle DNA.The molecular classification conformed closely to the traditional classification, but some species from one series belonged to different clades on phylogenetic trees.(3) Phylogenetic analysis among 17 wild rose species were carried out using the RFLP analysis and matK sequence data of organelle DNA.Interspecific hybrids formed a clade with maternal parents. There was a phenotypical difference between some species forming a clade on phylogenetic trees and they belonged to different sections.(4) It was demonstrated that RAPD analysis is a useful technique for rose cultivars and clonal plants identification.(5) Malus species and cultivars were identified by RFLP analysis using S-RNase like genomic sequences in apple. The sequences are also useful for discrimination between self-compatible and self-incompatible cultivars.(6) S-allele genotypes of 16 Malus x domestica cultivars were identified by S-allele specific PCR analysis. It was suggested that no mutation occurred within a self-compatible cultivar 'Megumi'.