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Molecular diversity inRosaseae (appleandrose)based on genome analysis and breeding

基于基因组分析和育种的蔷薇科（苹果和玫瑰）分子多样性

基本信息

批准号：
17580024
负责人：
MATSUMOTO Shogo
金额：
$ 2.48万
依托单位：
Gifu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17580024/
关键词：
apple rose genome SSR S-allele

项目摘要

1. We analyzed the S-Rnase genotypes of 96 crab apple Wallis spg), pollinizers and cultivars of domestic apple by PCR amplification and digestion method.2.We confirmed the S-RNase genotypes of the domestic cultivars exhibited S-genotypes contrary to those expected from their supposed parentage by cross-pollination tests.3.We examined the functional differences between S3 and S10, and it was confirmed that the S3 and S10 were functionally distinct. We determined the genomic sequences of one S-RNase allele, closely related to S1, S20 and S24 from 'Makamik', and it was suggested that the allele possibly interacts with the S1, S20 and S24 alleles. We clarified that S16a and S16b are functionally identical, and developed a S6 and S21 allele identification method.4.We investigated the parent-offspring relationships of 17 apple cultivars using 19 SSR markers, and clarified their true maternal and/or paternal parents.5. We examined the genetic diversity and relatedness among apple cultivars in Japan, and the 42 cultivars were divided into five groups based on SSR genotypes. Most economically important cultivars belong in three groups: Fuji-Delicious, Golden Delicious, and Jonathan groups, and their genetic backgrounds seemed to be narrow. We also have done genome analyses of MYB genes relating to fruit color.6.We examined the genetic diversity among wild roses and interspecific hybrids of wild roses by using SSR markers, and confirmed the relatedness of the hybrid species.7.We obtained new Fl plants of Rosa rugosa x Rosa WKS82' and Rosa rugosa x 'Lavande' since former Fl plants of Rosa rages x Rosa multiflora were sterile. SSR marker analyses of the FI plants are under progressing.

1.本研究采用PCR扩增和酶切的方法，对96个海棠（沃利斯spg）、授粉者和国产苹果品种的S-RNase基因型进行了分析：2.通过异花授粉试验，证实国产苹果品种的S-RNase基因型与其假定亲本的基因型相反; 3.研究了S3和S10的功能差异，证实了S3和S10在功能上是不同的。我们测定了一个S-RNase等位基因的基因组序列，该等位基因与“Makamik”的S1，S20和S24密切相关，并建议该等位基因可能与S1，S20和S24等位基因相互作用。利用19个SSR标记对17个苹果品种的亲子关系进行了分析，明确了它们的真实母本和/或父本。分析了日本苹果品种间的遗传多样性和亲缘关系，并根据SSR基因型将42个品种分为5类。大多数经济上重要的品种属于三个组：富士美味，金冠，乔纳森组，和他们的遗传背景似乎是狭窄的。6.利用SSR分子标记对野玫瑰及其种间杂种的遗传多样性进行了分析，证实了野玫瑰与野玫瑰种间杂种的亲缘关系。7.由于野玫瑰与野玫瑰的F1代不育，获得了野玫瑰×野玫瑰WKS 82 '和野玫瑰×野玫瑰'熏衣草'的新F1代植株。FI植物的SSR标记分析正在进行中。