A Socioeconomic Issues on the Daily Life of the Aged Persons in Rural Japan

虽然老年人的比例在日本西部一直很高，相反，在东部则很低，但这种差别正在逐渐消失。但是，我国人口老龄化在大城市和小城市同时发展的分布格局正在形成。特别是日本农村的老龄化进程非常迅速。此外，人口稠密地区的老龄化高峰来得更早。这样的地区正面临着灾难。如果不从自立的观点出发，就无法弄清这种情况下日本农村老年人的日常生活问题。在经济、社会和身体生活中。本课题是以鸟取县东北町的问卷调查为基础的。目的是澄清“年龄本身”而不是“老年人的成长”问题。以下几点是主要内容。（1）老年人的日常生活问题因家庭类型而异。例如，经济生活中的自立对于单身和夫妻家庭来说非常重要。由于官方养老金短缺，他们必须继续工作。（2）40岁以下和50岁以上的老年人对老龄化问题的认识存在明显差异。（3）农村人不愿意住“养老院”，即使它的对象是健康的老人，因为他们想避免伤害名誉。（4）“护理之家”的居民需要工作机会。在东北町，一家农业合作社用农田和温室建立了一个“护理之家”。这就是农业合作社养老的强大优势。

Although the proportion of the aged persons has been high in the western part of Japan, and, on the contrary, low in the eastern part, such a difference are gradually losing. However, the distribution pattern of the aged is coming into existence that the aging advances in both megalopolises and small-scale municipalities. Especially, the aging is proceeding very rapidly in the rural Japan. Moreover, the peak of the aging comes earlier in the depopulated areas. Such an areas are facing the catastrophe.The issues of the daily life of the aged in rural Japan under such conditions cannot be made clear without approaching from the viewpoints of self-reliance. in economic, social, and bodily life. This project is based on the research including questionnaires in Tohaku Town, Tottori Prefecture. The aim is to make clear not the issues "by the growth of the aged" but "of the age themselves".The following points are major contents. (1)The issues the daily life of the aged are varied by the type of the family. For example, the self-reliance in economic life is much important for households of the single and the couples. They must continue to work because of the shortage of an official pension. (2)The consciousness concerning the issues of aging has a clear difference between the persons below than forties and more than fifties. (3)Village people do not prefer to living in a "care house", even its targets are healthy old persons, because they want to avoid injurious reputations. (4)The residents of a "care house" are requiring opportunities for working. In Tohaku Town, an agricultural cooperative set up a "care house" with farm lands and greenhouses. This is the strong merit caused from cares of the aged by agricultural cooperatives.