权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Comparative Study on Commercialized Food Production in Africa

非洲商业化粮食生产的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
08041079
负责人：
IKEGAMI Koichi
金额：
$ 12.74万
依托单位：
KINKI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In Zimbabwe, we focused on small-scale agriculture consisting of small-scale commercial farms by Africans (SSC) and agriculture in communal lands and in resettlement areas. SSC is growing as a social class. This implies that Africans started to participate in capitalist agriculture. Among of three types of SSC, hardworking family farm type has capability to cause social change. This type seeks for quite different target from those of farmers in communal lands. Most of them still keep the traditional value system of peasantry. However, expansion of cash economy forces them to introduce small commodities production. Although "Chime", a small spring, agriculture on the outskirts of cities has been taking an important role in this point, less study has done about it. Farmers who are engaged in small-scale irrigated agriculture in resettlement areas are positioned between farmers of SSC and of communal lands. They can be evaluated as achieving seligovernment orientation development. Thus, hardworking farmers in SC, communal lands, and resettlement areas are the source of reconstruction of the society.In Tanzania, we analyzed the features, and the "change" of Matengo society in the Ruvuma Region. This society has the structure which works as combination of the high population density villages sustained by intensive agriculture with the low population density villages derived from mother villages. This combination makes it possible to see commodity economy in the way of peasantry. We can regard this point as the features of the "Matengo" society. Farmers in the "Matengo" society choose coffee production as the strategy for adoption of the commodity economy. As coffee is the world-wide commodity, farmers are trifled with by the complicated structure of marketing system and the fluctuations of price, especially after liberalization of coffee marketing.

在津巴布韦，我们重点关注小规模农业，包括非洲人的小型商业农场（SSC）以及公共土地和重新安置区的农业。 SSC 作为一个社会阶层正在成长。这意味着非洲人开始参与资本主义农业。在三种类型的SSC中，勤劳的家庭农场类型有能力引起社会变革。这种类型所追求的目标与公有土地上的农民截然不同。他们中的大多数仍然保留着农民的传统价值体系。然而，现金经济的扩张迫使他们引入小商品生产。尽管“磬”这个小泉，城市郊区的农业在这一点上发挥了重要作用，但对此的研究较少。在移民安置区从事小规模灌溉农业的农民位于共享土地农民和公共土地农民之间。它们可以被评价为实现了自我政府导向的发展。因此，南卡罗莱纳州、公共土地和安置区勤劳的农民是社会重建的源泉。在坦桑尼亚，我们分析了鲁伍马地区马滕戈社会的特征和“变化”。该社会具有由集约农业维持的高人口密度村庄与源自母村的低人口密度村庄相结合的结构。这种结合使得以农民的方式看待商品经济成为可能。我们可以将这一点视为“Matengo”社会的特征。 “Matengo”社会的农民选择咖啡生产作为采用商品经济的策略。由于咖啡是世界性的商品，尤其是在咖啡营销自由化之后，农民面临着复杂的营销体系结构和价格波动的困扰。