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Acquisition of Speech Perception by Second Language Learners : Learning Process of Japanese Special Phonemes

第二语言学习者语音感知的习得:日语特殊音素的学习过程

基本信息

批准号：
07801015
负责人：
YAMADA Tsuneo
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
National Institute of Multimedia Education (1996)Osaka University (1995)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The principal purpose of this project was to describe and analyze the acquisition processes of speech perception in learning Japanese as a second language (L2) from a new viewpoint, called here "learning paradigm in speech perception studies", and to clarify the hierarchical and sequential structures of learning.(1) Theoretical researchSeveral theoretical and methodological problems in the previous experimental studies on L2 speech perception learning were discussed, and new viewpoints and methods were proposed to overcome these problems.(2) Experimental researchCharacteristics of L2 speech perception were experimentally clarified by using a cross-language design between Japanese and American English. Native speakers of Japanese had various confusion at the segmental level (English vowels, /r/-/I/, and so on ) ; those of American English had difficulties not at the segmental level but at the suprasegmental level (i.e.Japanese mora).Native speakers of American English and Chinese were t … More rained to identify Japanese short/long vowels and the special phoneme/Q/ (moraic geminata). Both groups of subjects showed stable improvements in the training and extensive generalization in the achievement tests. The laboratory training using natural tokens was effective for generalization over unfamiliar phonemic contexts and talkers. Various exemplars in the phonemic contexts facilitated the perceptual learning, but sufficient amounts of training trials compensated for the insufficient variability in the exemplars. The importance of analyzing the dynamic and plastic acquisition processes in the studies of L2 speech perception learning was clarified.(3) ProspectsIt is necessary to develop a computer-assisted learning system for Japanese speech perception in order to support autonomous learning by individual learners. In such a learning system, training stimulus sets should be optimized both in acoustical/phonetical space and in temporal/sequential structure of training. To develop an effective training system for native speakers of various languages, cross-language experimental studies for those languages will be indispensable. Less

本研究的主要目的是从一个新的视角（这里称为“言语感知研究的学习范式”）描述和分析日语作为第二语言（L2）学习中言语感知的习得过程，并阐明学习的层次结构和顺序结构。(1)理论研究探讨了以往二语语音感知学习实验研究中存在的一些理论和方法上的问题，并提出了解决这些问题的新观点和新方法。(2)实验研究通过日语和美语的跨语言实验研究了二语言语知觉的特点。母语为日语的人在音段水平上有各种混淆（英语元音，/r/-/I/，等等）;母语为美国英语的人在音段水平上没有困难，但在超音段水平上有困难（即日语的莫拉）。母语为美国英语和汉语的人在音段水平上有困难，但在超音段水平上有困难。 ...更多信息 rained识别日语短/长元音和特殊音素/Q/（moraic geminata）。两组受试者在训练中表现出稳定的进步，在成绩测试中表现出广泛的概括。使用自然标记的实验室训练对于不熟悉的音素背景和说话者的概括是有效的。在音位背景中的各种样例促进了知觉学习，但足够数量的训练试验弥补了样例中的不足的可变性。阐明了在二语言语知觉学习研究中分析动态的可塑性习得过程的重要性。(3)展望为了支持个人学习者的自主学习，有必要开发一个用于日语语音感知的计算机辅助学习系统。在这样的学习系统中，训练刺激集应该在声学/语音空间和训练的时间/顺序结构中进行优化。为了建立一个有效的多语种本族语者培训体系，跨语种实验研究是必不可少的。少