SPEECH PERCEPTION AND AUDITORY ABILITIES IN INFANTS, CHILDREN, AND ADULTS WITH DOWN SYNDROME

患有唐氏综合症的婴儿、儿童和成人的言语感知和听觉能力

• 批准号: 10420315
• 负责人: Lori J. Leibold
• 金额: $ 213.44万
• 依托单位: FATHER FLANAGAN'S BOYS' HOME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10420315
• 关键词: Accounting; Achievement; Acoustics; Adult; Attention; Auditory; Behavior; Child; Childhood; Cognitive; Communication; Communications Media; Complex; Data; Detection; Development; Discrimination; Down Syndrome; Environment; Evaluation; Exposure to; Foundations; Funding; Goals; Hearing; Heterogeneity; High Prevalence; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Intervention; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Learning; Life; Linguistics; Longevity; Masks; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Perception; Persons; Population; Predisposition; Production; Public Health; Research; Risk; School-Age Population; Short-Term Memory; Source; Speech; Speech Development; Speech Discrimination; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; To specify; Toddler; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; adopted child; base; clinical practice; course development; executive function; experience; experimental study; hearing impairment; improved; infancy; language outcome; non-Native; peer; resilience; selective attention; skills; sound; speech in noise; speech recognition; theories; therapy development; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The goal of this project is to characterize the speech perception and auditory abilities of infants, children, and adults with Down syndrome. Prior research involving individuals who are neurotypical has highlighted the importance of early perceptual development on long-term speech and language outcomes, but little is currently known about the factors that support communication outcomes for individuals with Down syndrome. We do know that the development of functional hearing skills in children who are neurotypical (such as understanding speech when several people are talking at the same time) requires years of experience with sound, extensive language knowledge, and maturation of executive function. These observations suggest that attainment of speech perception and hearing milestones is likely to be delayed or disrupted for children with Down syndrome, due to limitations in intellectual functioning, language knowledge, and cognitive processing. The first aim of this project evaluates phoneme perception in infants, children, and adults with Down syndrome, with a focus on characterizing infants’ discrimination of native and non-native speech contrasts and examining effects of hearing loss on the consonant identification in children and adults. The second aim tests the hypothesis that maturation of selective listening strategies follows a delayed time course of development for individuals with Down syndrome, resulting in greater susceptibility to interference from competing background sounds. The third aim characterizes the ability to recognize speech in the presence of competing background sounds in children and adults with Down syndrome, accounting for individual differences in factors such as linguistic knowledge and working memory. The results generated by this project are expected to inform theoretical models regarding the development of speech perception and hearing abilities in individuals with Down syndrome, and have the potential to provide preliminary guidance for strategies to maximize speech communication outcomes in noisy environments such as classrooms.

项目总结/摘要 该项目的目标是描述婴儿，儿童， 和患有唐氏综合症的成年人。先前涉及神经典型个体的研究强调了 早期知觉发展对长期言语和语言结果的重要性，但目前很少 了解支持唐氏综合症患者沟通结果的因素。我们知道 在神经典型的儿童中，功能性听力技能的发展（如理解言语） 当几个人同时说话时）需要多年的声音，广泛的语言经验 知识和执行功能的成熟。这些观察结果表明， 对于唐氏综合症儿童，感知和听力里程碑可能会延迟或中断， 智力功能，语言知识和认知处理的限制。这个项目的第一个目标 评估唐氏综合征婴儿、儿童和成人的音素感知，重点是 表征婴儿对母语和非母语言语对比的辨别力，并检查听力的影响 儿童和成人对辅音识别的丧失。第二个目的是检验成熟的假设， 选择性听力策略的发展遵循一个延迟的时间过程， 综合症，导致更容易受到来自竞争背景声音的干扰。第三个目标 表征了儿童在存在竞争性背景声音的情况下识别语音的能力， 成年唐氏综合症患者，解释了语言知识和 工作记忆该项目产生的结果预计将为关于 唐氏综合征患者的言语感知和听力能力的发展，并具有 潜在的提供初步指导的战略，以最大限度地提高语音通信的结果，在嘈杂的 环境，如教室。