New Therapeutic omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid for nonspecific inflammatory colonic diseases.

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The causes of nonspecific inflammatory diseases of the intestinal tract--Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and intestinal Behcet's disease--are unknown. The remedies for these afflictions are total parenteral nutrition and the administration of steroids and salazosulfa pyridine immunosppressants. It is known, however, that total parenteral nutrition over a long period leads to a decline in local immunocompetence, accompanied by disused atrophy of the intestinal tract. This produces expansion of an auxiliary lesion of the inflammatory diseases and delayd healing.The purposes of the research were as follow ;(1) (a) Preparatory development targeting the creation of an absorbable EPA,which has a superior antiinflammatory effects. (b) The establishment of preparatory technology for emulsification by the use of lecithin, and (c) the creation of an emulsion that includes omega-3 fat by mixing soybean oil and fish oil. (2) Examination of the effectiveness of the pervenous-administration met … More hod, by using the newly developed fat nutrient on diseased-animals' models. (3) Confirmation of the effect as a fat nutrient (a) by administering an appropriate mixture of fish oil to animal models, (b) by analyzing the fatty acid in the serum, and (c) by examining the histological findings and the state of the biological function of the intestinal mucous membranes.The results ;TPN solutions with various fatty acid compositions were administered. Soybean contains 6.9% omega-3 fatty acid and fish oil containns 32.1% of omega-3 fatty acid. The fat emulsions and their relative proportions used in the respective group were as follows :Group I : Soybean oil emulsion only.Group II : mixture of 75% soybean oil and 25% fish oil emulsion.Group III : mixture of 50% soybean oil and 50% fish oil emulsion.Group IV : mixture of 25% soybean oil and 75% fish oil emulsion.Group V : fish oil emulsion only.Group VI : no fat emulsion administered.After completion of the 7-day TPN period the rats were laparotomized under ether anesthesia. The degree of healing of ulcerative colitis was assessed by HE staining of the colitis region and grading in accordance with the criteria.The severity of colitis was least in Group II (containing 13.2% of omega-3 fatty acid), and was relatively greater in Group III,I,IV and VI in that order.Group II displayd a significantly lower degree of severity as compared with group VI according to the Dunnett multiple comparison method and also as compared with group V according to the Tukey multiple comparison method. The result indicates that administration of omega-3 essential fatty acids has an anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, the results indicated that healing effects could not be expected from administration of fat emulsions containing only soybean oil (Group I).Further studies are necessary in order to ascertain the concentrations between appropriate fish oil dosages. Less