Titanium Surface Modification with Ion Beam Mixing Method for Implant Use -Influence of Solubility of Thin Calcium-phosphate Coatings on Cell Behavior-

为了克服等离子喷涂法制备Ca-P涂层的缺点，采用离子注入与物理气相沉积相结合的离子束动态混合法制备了Ca-P薄膜，获得了薄、附着力好、无缺陷的Ca-P涂层。将薄涂层（约1 μ m）涂覆到钛（Ti）基底上，然后用常规炉加热和激光辐射和红外辐射的快速加热进行热处理。X射线衍射分析显示未处理的薄膜是无定形的，但在500 ° C的炉加热和高于600 ° C的红外辐射快速加热后变成结晶。研究了涂层在模拟体液中的溶解性、涂层与钛基体的结合力以及涂层与钛基体界面的X射线光电子能谱分析。(1)未处理的膜在1天内溶解。(2)在500 ℃加热炉中观察到涂层中的裂纹。在涂层与Ti基体之间的界面处的X射线光电子能谱分析表明，裂纹是由于Ca注入层减少和Ti-P化合物过度生长的结果。(3)激光辐照的涂层易于溶解，且表面降解不均匀。(4)红外辐射控制了Ca-P的溶解度，保证了涂层与基体的结合力。在600-700摄氏度的红外辐射下，涂层溶解最小。使用大鼠骨髓进行成骨样细胞的细胞培养试验。SEM观察显示，与钛表面和可溶性Ca-P涂层相比，不溶性（结晶）Ca-P涂层上形成细胞外基质。

In order to overcome a shortcoming of Ca-P coatings with the plasma spraying method, thin calcium-phosphate (Ca-P) coatings were produced by the ion beam dynamic mixing method which combined ion implantation and physical vapor deposition, resulting a thin, adherent and defect-free film. Thin coatings (approximately 1 mum) were coated onto titanium (Ti) substrates, followed by heat-treatment with conventional furnace heating and rapid heating of laser radiation and infrared radiation.1. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed untreated films to be amorphous but to become crystalline after furnace heating at 500ﾟC and rapid heating with infrared radiation higher than 600ﾟC.2. Solubility of coatings in simulated body fluid, adherence to Ti substrate, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis at the interface between the coating and the Ti substrate were investigated. (1) Untreated films dissolved within 1 day. (2) Cracks were observed in coatings with furnace heating at 500ﾟC.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis at the interface between the coating and the Ti substrate showed that cracks were the result of decreased Ca-implanted layrs and too much growth of Ti-P compounds. (3) Coatings with laser radiation tended to dissolve easily with non-uniform surface degradation. (4) Infrared radiation controlled the Ca-P solubility and ensured the adherence of the coatings to the substrate. Coatings with infrared radiation at 600-700ﾟC dissolved minimally.3. Cell culture test carried out with osteoblast-like cell using the rat bone marrow. SEM observation showed extracellular matrix formation on insoluble (crystallized) Ca-P coatings compared to on titanium surface and on soluble Ca-P coatings.