Titanium Surface Modification with Ion Beam Mixing Method for Implant Use -Influence of Solubility of Thin Calcium-phosphate Coatings on Cell Behavior-

为了克服等离子喷涂钙磷涂层的缺点，采用离子注入和物理气相沉积相结合的离子束动态混合方法制备了钙磷涂层，获得了无缺陷的钙磷涂层。在钛(Ti)衬底上涂覆薄涂层(约1微米)，然后用传统的炉子加热和激光辐射和红外辐射的快速加热进行热处理。X射线衍射分析表明，未经处理的薄膜为非晶态，但在500ﾟC下加热并在高于600ﾟC.2的红外辐射下快速加热后，薄膜变为晶态。研究了涂层在模拟体液中的溶解度、涂层与钛基材的结合力以及涂层与钛基材界面的X射线光电子能谱分析。(1)未经处理的薄膜在1天内溶解。(2)在500ﾟ的温度下，涂层中出现了裂纹。X射线光电子能谱分析表明，涂层与钛基体界面处的裂纹是由于钙离子注入层数减少和Ti-P化合物生长过多所致。(3)涂层在激光照射下易溶解，表面降解不均匀。(4)红外辐射控制了钙磷的溶解，保证了涂层与基材的结合力。在600-700ﾟC的红外辐射下，涂层的溶解程度最低。用大鼠骨髓进行成骨细胞样细胞培养实验。扫描电子显微镜观察表明，与钛表面和可溶性钙磷涂层相比，难溶(结晶)钙磷涂层上形成了细胞外基质。

In order to overcome a shortcoming of Ca-P coatings with the plasma spraying method, thin calcium-phosphate (Ca-P) coatings were produced by the ion beam dynamic mixing method which combined ion implantation and physical vapor deposition, resulting a thin, adherent and defect-free film. Thin coatings (approximately 1 mum) were coated onto titanium (Ti) substrates, followed by heat-treatment with conventional furnace heating and rapid heating of laser radiation and infrared radiation.1. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed untreated films to be amorphous but to become crystalline after furnace heating at 500ﾟC and rapid heating with infrared radiation higher than 600ﾟC.2. Solubility of coatings in simulated body fluid, adherence to Ti substrate, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis at the interface between the coating and the Ti substrate were investigated. (1) Untreated films dissolved within 1 day. (2) Cracks were observed in coatings with furnace heating at 500ﾟC.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis at the interface between the coating and the Ti substrate showed that cracks were the result of decreased Ca-implanted layrs and too much growth of Ti-P compounds. (3) Coatings with laser radiation tended to dissolve easily with non-uniform surface degradation. (4) Infrared radiation controlled the Ca-P solubility and ensured the adherence of the coatings to the substrate. Coatings with infrared radiation at 600-700ﾟC dissolved minimally.3. Cell culture test carried out with osteoblast-like cell using the rat bone marrow. SEM observation showed extracellular matrix formation on insoluble (crystallized) Ca-P coatings compared to on titanium surface and on soluble Ca-P coatings.