Experimental study of Bayesian inference based on experience

基于经验的贝叶斯推理实验研究

基本信息

批准号：
09610088
负责人：
ITO Masato
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Osaka City University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present study investigated bayesian inference in animals (pigeons) by using a modified delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) task in which information stimulus signaling which side is correct was presented prior to the presentation of comparison stimuli. In this procedure, sample presentation frequency was varied in two conditions (I.e., 1 : 9 and 3 : 7 conditions) and reliability of the information stimulus was also varied from 100% to 80%. After matching performance was stabilized, two different test sessions were introduced, in which no sample was presented in one condition, whereas neither sample nor information stimulus was presented in another condition. The results from testing showed that in all subjects, choice proportions for the less frequent stimulus were approximately consistent with the proportion of two samples used in the DMTS task when no sample was presented, and further that choice proportions for the less frequent stimulus were consistent with predictions derived from Bayesian theorem when neither sample nor information stimulus was presented. These results revealed that animal subjects can detect the difference in the proportion of two samples and evaluate the reliability of information stimulus when they learn to match samples with comparisons in the DMTS task. Although the present study provided data understanding Bayesian inference based on experience, additional studies should examine comparative and developmental aspects of Bayesian inference based on experience as well as possible modifications of the procedure.

本研究通过使用修改的延迟匹配对样本（DMTS）任务调查了动物（鸽子）的贝叶斯推论，其中信息刺激信号传导在提出比较刺激之前提出了哪一侧是正确的。在此过程中，样品表现频率在两个条件下（即1：9和3：7条件）变化，信息刺激的可靠性也从100％到80％变化。稳定匹配性能后，引入了两个不同的测试课程，其中未在一种情况下显示样品，而在另一种情况下均未呈现样本和信息刺激。测试的结果表明，在所有受试者中，较不频繁的刺激的选择比例大致与DMTS任务中使用样品的两个样本中使用的两个样本的比例一致，此外，在贝叶斯定理或信息刺激刺激刺激的情况下既不是贝叶斯定理的预测，较低频率刺激的选择比例都与贝叶斯定理衍生的预测一致。这些结果表明，动物受试者可以检测到两个样本比例的差异，并在学会将样本与DMTS任务中的样本匹配时评估信息刺激的可靠性。尽管本研究提供了基于经验的数据理解贝叶斯推论，但其他研究应根据经验以及可能对程序的修改来检查贝叶斯推断的比较和发展方面。