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A Study on Restructuring of University System in China in the Market Economy

市场经济条件下我国大学体制改革研究

基本信息

批准号：
09610263
负责人：
OTSUKA Yutaka
金额：
$ 0.32万
依托单位：
Nagoya University (1998)Hiroshima University (1997)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Various reforms in higher education have been carried out to realize the whole nation's goal, "Four Modernizations" since the end of the Cultural Revolution. Particularly in 1980s when China moved from planned economy in the past to socialist market economy, a series of drastic changes symbolized by the sift from free higher education to charging of tuition fees occurred. In addition, under a development plan to increase the enrollment in higher education to 6.5 million, that is approximately twice as much as the present scale during the Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000), several new means to raise efficiency in management were introduced. They includes reappraisal of internal administrative system and its restructuring within individual institution, merging among institutions, transfer the control of national universities to local governments, approval of establishing private institutions, etc. Such movements are deeply related with the essential characteristics and basic principles of … More Chinese higher education.A paper titled "Development of Chinese Higher Education in the 1990s" is the first result of this research project which overviews various changes and reforms emerged in Chinese higher education in the 1990s. The second paper titled "Reforms" in Management Structure and Organizational Changes in Chinese Higher Education" scrutinizes the cases of internal changes in administrative structure, cooperation among institutions of higher education, cooperation between universities and enterprises, joint construction and management of universities by central and local governments, merger of institutions. Taking the fact that the most eminent and influential change had been the emergence and development of the private institutions of higher education into consideration, major focus of the research in 1998 was put on the issue of privatization of higher education. The third paper titled "Some Analyses on Privatization of Higher Education in China" makes clear the significance of private institutions having emerged in recent years in contrast with those taken over by the new government and disappeared in the 1950s. Besides, two very important regulations concerning the private higher education was translated as the appendices. Less

文化大革命结束以来，为实现全国“四个现代化”的目标，高等教育进行了各项改革。特别是20世纪80年代，我国从计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转轨，出现了以高等教育从免费到收费为标志的一系列重大变化。此外，在“九五”期间（1996-2000年），高等教育招生人数将增加到650万人，约为目前规模的两倍的发展计划中，采取了一些新的手段来提高管理效率。这些运动包括重新评估和调整高校内部的行政管理体制、高校之间的合并、将国立大学的管理权移交地方政府、批准设立私立大学等。这些运动与私立大学的本质特征和基本原则有着深刻的联系。 ...更多信息中国高等教育。题为《20世纪90年代中国高等教育的发展》的论文是该研究项目的第一个成果，概述了20世纪90年代中国高等教育出现的各种变化和改革。第二篇论文《中国高等教育管理体制改革与组织变革》，详细分析了中国高等教育管理体制内部变革、高校合作、校企合作、中央与地方共建共管、高校合并等案例。考虑到最显著和最有影响的变化是私立高等教育机构的出现和发展，1998年的研究重点是高等教育私营化问题。第三篇题为《中国高等教育民营化的若干分析》的论文，通过与50年代被新政府接管并消失的私立院校的对比，阐明了近年来私立院校出现的意义。此外，两个非常重要的关于私立高等教育的法规被翻译成附录。少