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A Study on International Openness of Chinese Higher Education since Its Entry to WTO

入世以来中国高等教育国际开放研究

基本信息

批准号：
17530613
负责人：
OTSUKA Yutaka
金额：
$ 2.03万
依托单位：
Hiroshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17530613/
关键词：
WTO China hiaher education international openness distance education Confucian Institute Reform and Open-door Policy overseas students トゥイニング・プログラム PTO

项目摘要

This research was done for the purpose of positively and concretely clarifying various changes occurring in Chinese higher education since China entered to WTO (World Trade Organization). In late 2001 China finally realized to be affiliated with WTO after she had conducted so-called Open-door Policy for 20 years. This indicates Chinese economy is completely integrated to the world economy, and it seems to have nothing to do with education. However, after the enactment of "General Agreement on Trade in Service (GATS)" in 1994, education is also regarded as one of the goods of "trade of service", and education came to have more meaning than before for the affiliated countries from the viewpoint of international relations. It is believed the entry to WTO is not only a chance but also a challenge for China. It also implies both plus and minus aspects for education.GATS recognizes four different modes of supplying services in terms of education, i.e., 1) Cross-border supply, e.g. distance learning, 2) Consumption abroad, e.g. traveling abroad to study, 3) Commercial presence, e.g. university branch campuses or partnership agreements and 4) Presence of natural persons e.g. teachers, professors. In the past 3 years, each of 4 modes of supplying educational services conducted by China under the open-door policy has been comprehensively analyzed. Special focuses were put on university branch campuses managed by foreign institutions in China, for example, Ninpo Nottingham University and China Europe International Business School. On the other hand, China's undertakings of managing higher education institutions outside the country, e.g., Shanghai Jiaotong University Singapore, Beijing Language and Culture University in Singapore and Bangkok, Fudan University in Singapore, etc. as well as Confucius Institutes in Japan, Korea and Singapore were surveyed.

本研究的目的在于积极、具体地阐明中国加入WTO以来高等教育所发生的种种变化。2001年底，中国在实行了20年的对外开放政策后，终于实现了加入WTO。这表明中国经济已经完全融入世界经济，这似乎与教育无关。然而，1994年《服务贸易总协定》（GATS）颁布后，教育也被视为“服务贸易”的商品之一，从国际关系的角度来看，教育对各成员国的意义也比以前更大了。相信加入WTO对中国来说，既是机遇，也是挑战。《服务贸易总协定》承认在教育方面提供服务的四种不同模式，即：1)跨境供应，例如远程学习; 2）国外消费，例如出国留学; 3）商业存在，例如大学分支或伙伴关系协议; 4）自然人的存在，例如教师、教授。本文对近三年来我国教育服务供给的四种模式进行了全面的分析。特别关注的是外国机构在中国管理的大学分支校园，例如，宁波诺丁汉大学和中欧国际工商学院。另一方面，中国对境外高等教育机构的管理，上海交通大学新加坡、北京语言大学在新加坡和曼谷、复旦大学在新加坡等地以及日本、韩国、新加坡的孔子学院进行了调研。