CHINESE HIGHER EDUCATION UNDER A MARKET ECONOMY : FROM CENTRAL CONTROL TO INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY

市场经济下的中国高等教育：从中央控制到院校自治

基本信息

批准号：
09610306
负责人：
YUAN Fujie
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MULTIMEDIA EDCATION
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Twenty years ago, the higher education system in China was deeply imbedded in the socialist society and economy. With the shift from the system of the planned economy dominated by the centralized power to that of the market economy since the end of the 1970s, there have been radical reforms of higher education system in China. Yet, as there are twists and turns in the road to the market economy, the process of higher education reform has not always gone smoothly.How did China struggle with this formidable task? How did the policy evolve over the twenty-years period? What have been the major issues behind the series of policies? In this report, a brief survey of the higher education policies in China over the past twenty years. Will be undertaken to answer these questions.Higher education policy, and higher education itself, in China have evolved very rapidly in the past two decades. In this short period, China has succeeded in laying out legal foundation of higher education system and … More found ways to support it. Now, it is focusing on raising academic standards to enhanced its status and compete in the world economy. However, to achieve these goals, she must solve some serious and pervasive problems, and reinvent itself.There are several barriers to the development of a sustainable, globally competitive higher education system. Legal framework of the system is far from complete. But, the more serious and deep problem is that of financing. In a sense, this is the major critical issue underpinning many new reforms as the country proceeds from a planned to a market economy. The balance between growth and expansion on the one hand, and maintenance of equity and sense of justice on the other is very delicate.How will higher education policy respond to these enormous issues? This is still an open question. One thing certain is that next decade will be even more critical for Chinese higher education than the past two decades.Here the first chapter will described Chinese higher education system, focusing on the regular higher education and the adult higher education systems. Then analyzed the changes higher education policies. There are six market phases of reform have taken place. They are (1) the design of higher education reform in China, (2) Introduction of Market Mechanism to higher Education (3) the development and legitimization of private higher education (4) the introduction of graduate labor market, (5) financial reform of higher education, and (6) the adoption of major policy actions. The chapter will provide a context to discuss the nature of the present issues and future challenges Less

二十年前，中国的高等教育体系在社会主义社会和经济中深深地融入了。自1970年代末以来，从集中权力主导的计划经济体系转变为市场经济的转变，中国对高等教育体系进行了根本性的改革。然而，随着通往市场经济的道路，高等教育改革的过程并不总是顺利进行。该政策在二十年内如何发展？一系列政策背后的主要问题是什么？在本报告中，对过去二十年来中国的高等教育政策进行了简要调查。将努力回答这些问题。在过去的二十年中，高等教育政策和高等教育本身在中国的发展非常迅速。在这一短时间内，中国成功地为高等教育体系建立了合法建立，并且……更多的方法来支持它。现在，它着重于提高学术标准以提高其地位并在世界经济中竞争。但是，为了实现这些目标，她必须解决一些严重而普遍的问题，并自我重塑。发展可持续的，全球竞争激烈的高等教育体系有几个障碍。系统的法律框架远非完整。但是，更严重和深层的问题是融资。从某种意义上说，这是该国从计划经济到市场经济的许多新改革的主要关键问题。一方面的增长与扩张之间的平衡，另一方面维持公平和正义感非常微妙。高等教育政策将如何应对这些巨大的问题？这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。可以肯定的是，与过去二十年相比，接下来的十年对中国高等教育至关重要。在这里，第一章将描述中国高等教育系统，重点关注普通的高等教育和成人高等教育系统。然后分析了高等教育政策的变化。改革有六个市场阶段。它们是（1）中国高等教育改革的设计，（2）向高等教育引入市场机制（3）私人高等教育的发展和合法化（4）引入研究生劳动力市场，（5）高等教育的金融改革，以及（6）采用重大政策行动。本章将提供讨论当前问题和未来挑战的本质的背景