Kings and Princes in Medieval France : Comparative Analysis of Administrative Systems

不少研究法国历史的学者都认为中世纪是公共扑克逐渐解体和重新建立的时期。根据他们的理解，10世纪和11世纪是君士坦丁帝国公共（即皇家）权力解体的时期，12世纪和13世纪是它的重建时期，但事实上，公共权力的解体和整合程度在地区之间有很大差异。的确，强大的领土权力在某些地区几乎完全丧失，但在其他地区仍然强大。在某些地区，政治解体和一体化交替出现。法国在公共权力的程度上没有一个简单的线性历史。在这一时期，它有着更为复杂的运动，我考察了罗马时期和世纪之间各种政治框架是如何出现和消失的。我现在确信，在10、11、12世纪的法国，存在着各种不同层次的地缘政治框架，它们可以成为一个国家，即王国、公国、郡和城堡。其中一个是作为一个国家。这一时期是高度流动的时代，县、城等很容易成为类似国家的政体。

Not a few scholars of French history have regarded the Middle Ages as the period in which public poker disintegrated and reestablished gradually. According to their understanding the tenth and eleventh centuries are the age of disintegration of public (i.e.royal) power of the Carolingian Empire and the twelfth and thirteenth centuries are that of its re-establishment.In fact, however, there are great regional variations in the degree of disintegration and integration of public power. It is true that strong territorial power was almost completely lost in some areas, but it remained strong in other areas. In some areas political disintegration and integration took turns. France did not have a simple linear history in the degree of public power. It had more complicated movements in this period.I have examined how various political frameworks appeared and disappeared between the Roman period and the fourteenth century. I am now convinced that in the 10th, 11th and 12th century France, there co-existed various geopolitical frameworks of different levels, which could become a state, that is, the kingdom, duchies, counties, and castellanies. One of them functioned as a state. This period was the age of high fluidity, in which counties, castellanies, etc. could easily become a state-like polity.