A Sociolinguic Study of Dialect Change of Yamanashi Prefecture

我们从1997年到1999年对山梨县方言进行了问卷调查。该调查收集了3717人的数据。我们对全部数据进行了积累、计算和分析。结果并没有具体揭示东京地区的直接影响。我们认为山梨方言中最近出现的新方言形式是从东京地区传播过来的，其中一些形式是通过电视等媒介传播的。但是，山梨县的当地居民都有一个共同的意识，那就是这些表格不是来自东京地区，而是来自同一代邻居的朋友。因此，东京地区对山梨方言的影响是间接的。通过对语言表达的年龄差异和地域差异的分析等大量证据可以清楚地看出，这些形式是从东京地区传播开来的，但人们不能考虑到这一事实。山梨县的传统方言形式倾向于独立变化，不受周围县的影响。这样我们就可以得到方言变化的传统模式。典型的是，老一辈人经常使用的方言形式在中年人中不使用，年轻人使用的比中年人少。临近东京的小需村居民在购物、工作等诸多方面都与东京地区有着紧密的联系，很少使用山梨语。

We have done a questionnaire survey about Yamanashi dialect from 1997 to 1999. The data were collected from 3717 people by the survey. We accumulated, calculated and analyzed the total data.The results did not reveal direct influences from Tokyo area concretely. We have assumed that recent new dialectal forms in Yamanashi dialect were spread from Tokyo area and some forms were transmitted by media such as television. But, the local residents of Yamanashi prefecture have a common consiousness that those forms were not from Tokyo area but from friends of the same gerneration of neighborhood.Therefore, the influence of Tokyo area upon Yamanashi dialect was indirect. It is clear by lots of evidences such as the analysis of an age difference and a regional difference of the language expressions that those forms were spread from Tokyo area, but people cannot consider the fact.The traditional dialectal forms of Yamanashi prefecture tend to change independently without any influences of surrounding prefectures. And thus we could obtain traditional patterns of dialect change. Typically, dialectal forms which are frequently used in the older generation are not used in the middle generation, and younger people use less than the middle-aged. People of Kosuge village, it is adjacent to Tokyo, are firmly connected to Tokyo area in lots of aspects such as shopping and working and they seldom use Yamanashi dialect.