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National Integration in a multi-ethnic country - A Case Study of Singapore -

多民族国家的民族融合——以新加坡为例——

基本信息

批准号：
09620073
负责人：
TAMURA Keiko
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Kitakyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09620073/
关键词：
Singapore national integration ethnicity multi-ethnic policy identity ナショナリズムアジア的価値

项目摘要

Although Singapore, a small city-state in Southeast Asia, has a limited area of 224 square miles, her 300 million people are consisted of 77% Chinese, 14% Malays and 9% Indians. In a world where ethic conflict is increasing the cause of civil wars and social instability especially since the Cold War was over, Singapore is notable for its stable ethnic relations which have been unmarred by any incidence of tension after achieving Independence in 1965. This report is to analyze Singapore's management of ethnic relations and find out whether her case could be a model for other multi-ethnic nations.Singapore's management of ethnic relations is called "Multi-ethnic Policy". All Singaporeans are classified 4 groups - Chinese, Malays, Indians, Others. Not only each classified ethnic name is registered on each person's ID card but also his/her second language at school is supposed to be ethnic group's mother tongue. No quota system for minorities and every ethnic group is placed all on an equal footing. Moreover, even public housing estates where 87% of Singaporeans live have ethnic integration policy.However this "Multi-ethnic Policy" has made the Malays fall behind non-Malays especially the Chinese, because the Malays already fallen behind the Chinese who went into the commercial world under the British colonial policy. The Singapore government has only encouraged the Malays to make every effort to catch up other groups. It can be said that "Multi-ethnic Policy" prevents the Malays from acting systematically to strive for higher status.

新加坡是东南亚的一个小城邦，虽然面积有限，只有224平方英里，但其3亿人口中，77%是华人，14%是马来人，9%是印度人。在冷战结束后，种族冲突日益加剧，导致内战和社会不稳定的情况下，新加坡以其稳定的族群关系而著称，自1965年独立以来，没有受到任何紧张局势的影响。本报告旨在分析新加坡处理族群关系的情况，并看看她的案例是否可以成为其他多民族国家的典范。新加坡处理族群关系的方式被称为“多民族政策”。所有新加坡人被分为 4 类：华人、马来人、印度人、其他人。不仅每个人的身份证上都登记了每个分类的民族名称，而且他/她在学校的第二语言也应该是该民族的母语。对少数民族没有配额制度，各民族一律平等。而且，就连87%新加坡人居住的公共屋村也有种族融合政策。然而这种“多元种族政策”却让马来人落后于非马来人尤其是华人，因为马来人已经落后于在英国殖民政策下进入商业世界的华人了。新加坡政府只是鼓励马来人尽一切努力赶上其他群体。可以说，“多元民族政策”阻碍了马来人有系统地争取更高的地位。