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Estimation of the Fatigue Cost Caused by with Commuting Congestion

通勤拥堵造成的疲劳成本估算

基本信息

批准号：
09630027
负责人：
HATTA Tatsuo
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO (1999)Osaka University (1997-1998)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09630027/
关键词：
commuting congestion fatigue cost congestion rent 地価人口密度分布

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to estimate the monetary value of fatigue caused by congestion of commuting train ride in Tokyo.As the congestion of train increases, so does the fatigue caused by the journey. We constructed a Mills type urban model with a utility function that has the degree of congestion as a variable. We derived a rent function as the solution of this model. The independent variables of the rent function are the distance of the location from the CBD and the degree of congestion. Using this function, we conducted two research projects.In the first research, we run regressions of this rent function using the data along the Chuo Line in Tokyo. Based on this, we estimated the parameters of the utility function, and then the social cost of congestion.In the second re search, we run regressions of this function using the data for multiple commuter trains in Tokyo, each of which has different degrees of congestion. We estimated the fatigue cost separately for each line.The difference in the degree of congestion among deferent lines is far larger than the difference among different segments of the Chuo Line. For this reason, we were able to obtain statistically more significant results in the second research. Our estimates show, for example, that the fatigue cost of a one-way trip from Mukougaoka-yuen (travel time 30 minutes) is 376 yen, while the time cost is 322 yen.

本研究的目的是估算东京通勤列车拥挤引起的疲劳的货币价值。随着列车拥挤的增加，旅行引起的疲劳也会增加。我们构建了一个米尔斯型城市模型，其效用函数以拥挤程度为变量。我们导出了一个租金函数作为模型的解。租金函数的自变量是该位置与CBD的距离和拥挤程度。使用该函数进行了两个研究，第一个研究使用东京都中央线沿着的数据，对租金函数进行了回归。在此基础上，我们估计了效用函数的参数，进而估计了拥挤的社会成本。在第二个研究中，我们使用东京多个通勤列车的数据对这个函数进行了回归，每个通勤列车都有不同程度的拥挤。我们对每条线路分别估算了疲劳成本，不同线路之间拥挤程度的差异远大于中央线不同路段之间的差异。因此，我们能够在第二项研究中获得统计学上更显著的结果。例如，我们的估算显示，从慕口高冈园出发的单程（旅行时间30分钟）的疲劳成本为376日元，而时间成本为322日元。