An Interdisciplinary study on choice of tax base for land-holding tax and on its assessment methods

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(1)International comparison of the tax systems on land holding International comparative studies in this field have more focused on the differences of tax law systems rather than their real operations. This study intended to give a light on the actual operational aspects such as appraisal methods of tax basis and ways of tax burden adjustment, from the analytical viewpoint that the aim of this study was to investigate what the local tax base on land holdings should be. We think that we have introduced some important hints and lessons out of many foreign cases, just through books and documents though.(2)Statistical analysis of land assessment value and land holding tax burden The combination of the actual land value assessment system and the present tax reduction rules do not make a simple and clear way to tax on land holding. We used the domestic macro-data and prefecture data and have showed that two indicators of tax rate (1.tax burden-land value ratio 2. tax burden-GDP ratio) are no … More t stable enough to be accountable to taxpayers. Investigations with point data are left for the future.(3)Land holding tax base and tax principles The local tax system, as well as the national tax system, should be designed on the ground of the so-called tax principles, equity, neutrality, simplicity, and so on. We think that we have developed a theoretical study on the relation of "tax principle" and the favorable land holding tax base. We recommend that the best base for land-holding tax will be land-rent, not value of land. We also showed statistically that the present Japanese land holding tax could be said to be a rent-based tax eventually.(4) Assessment method of tax base The result of this study suggests that replacing land value as tax base for land holdings with rental income will be not so difficult as it looks like. For leased properties data for tax base will be available in the market. For self-own properties we could find rental value in the course of assessing land value with return-discounting-method. We also find some factors of a kind of rent-based tax in the U.S. property tax and the German real property tax. This shows that there might be a rent-based way in administration value-based land holding tax. We have got some further administrative lessons from systems of other countries. Less