Methodology on Excavation of Monuments in the Tropical Asia

l.时间表(1)公路- (a) 1996年8月5日至25日素可泰(b) 1996年12月20日至30日大城府(c) 1997年3月10日至23日泰国下东北部(2)印度- (a) 1997年9月4日至13日：布巴内斯瓦尔，科那拉克(b) 1997年12月25日至1998年1月5日：勒克瑙，阿格拉(c) 1998年3月22日至31日：马德拉斯。(3)柬埔寨——(a) 1998年8月17日至9月30日：暹粒（吴哥古迹）(c) 1998年12月18日至31日：暹粒（吴哥古迹），(d) 1999年3月1日至24日：暹粒（吴哥古迹）(1)泰国：素可泰平原和Chaopraya河三角洲气候干燥。平均降水量在1300-1800毫米之间，雨季在6月至11月之间。在九月和十月，雨水特别多，在一些地方，一个水柱连接着天空和地面。相反，旱季持续六个月，从12月到5月，这段时间的湿度，包括5月雨季结束和12月开始的这段时间，只有100毫米的降水。尤其是在三四月份；在美国，当中小型河流露出河床，没有一滴水时，红褐色的土地从一端延伸到另一端，零散的森林和光秃秃的树木显得黯淡而毫无生气。这就是为什么，为了开展农业工作，在雨季储存水以便在旱季使用是很重要的。由于南方的努力，巨大的水库被挖掘并投入使用。(2)印度：印度人建造了许多大大小小的人工湖，特别是南印度人，从而根据自己的需要调整土地和气候条件。这些石碑描绘了这样一个事实：每当建造一座寺庙时，就会建造一座水坝或水库。也有像“不怕太阳的灼热”这样的条目，这表明了一个事实，即通过控制能量，特别是所谓的“水”。该地区的人们因害怕干旱和洪水而停下来。然而，世界上这部分的土壤主要是沙子和粘土的混合物，很难被称为适合农业。在帕拉瓦王朝时代，人们在周围建造护城河，他们引导一部分雨水和河流的水，他们在雨季打破水坝，当水的体积大大增加时，节约了多余的水，并用它来耕种土地。这就是他们的生活方式。(3)柬埔寨：1 .地质和岩石调查：旱季和雨季，在吴哥地区，特别是Baanteay Kdei进行了地质和岩石调查。吴哥窟和吴哥城等，并取得了优异的成绩。2. 用共振法诊断结石的强度：共振法结晶了日本现在的高科技，是诊断变质结石的强度。根据对位于吴哥窟Preau十字形画廊的柱子进行的共振测试，这些柱子的底部暴露出一个极其危险的状况。3. 暹粒河地面水位和河床下降的调查：考察了吴哥时期暹粒河的实际水位和灌溉系统，以便对两者进行比较。综上所述，由于暹粒河河床的下降，水灌溉系统变得不可行。少

l.Schedule (1) Trailand - (a) August 5-25,1996 Sukhotai (b) December 20-30,1996 Ayuthaya (c) March 10-23 , 1997 Lower Northeastern Thailand(2) India - (a) September 4-13,1997 : Bhubaneswar, Konarak (b) December 25,1997- January 5,1998 : Lucknow, Agra (c) March 22-31, 1998 : Madras. Kanchipuram, Hyderabad(3) Cambodia- (a) August 17-30 September 1998 : Siemreap(Angkor Monuments) (c) December 18-31,1998 : Siemreap(Angkor Monuments), (d) March 1-24,1999 : Siemreap(Angkor Monuments).2.Conterits of Survey(1) Thailand : The Sukhotai plain and the delta of Chaopraya River are characterized with a dry climate. The average precipitation is berween 1300-1800 mm and the rainy season is between June and November. It rains particularly often in September and October, when in places it a water pillar connects the sky with the ground.On the contrary, the dry season lasts six months , from Desember to May, and the humidity during this period, including the periods at the end of the rainy season in May … More and beginning in December, is marked to be a mere 100 mm of precipitation. Especially in March and April ; , when the medium sized and smaller rivers expose their river beds, and there is not a single drop of water, the reddishbrown earth strechers from one end to the other and the scattered forests with bare trees appear faded and lifeless. That is why , in order to carry out agricultural work, it was important to save up water during the rainy serson to use it during the dry season. Due to suth at attempt, huge reservoirs weredigged and put into practice.(2) India : The Indian people costructed a number of large and small artificial lakes, in particicular South Indian people thus adjusting the land and climatic conditions in accordance with their necessities. The stone monements depict the fact, that whenever a temple was built a dam or a water reservoir was also constructed. There are also entries like, "afraid not from the burning heat of the sun, " which make clear the fact, that by gaining control over the energy, notably called "water" . the people of the region stopped to fear the draft and the floods.Yet, the soil in this part of the world is mostly a mixture of sand and clay, one, which can hardly be called suitable for agriculture, At the times of Pallava Dynasty people constructed surrounding moats, into which they guided a part of the rain and rivers' waterthey broke dams during the rainy sersons, when die volume of the water considerably increased saving the water surplus and using it to cultivate the land. That was their way of life.(3)Cambodia : l. Geological and petrologic Survey : Dry seasan and rainy season, the surveys concerning geology and petrogy were carried out in the Angkor Area, especIally Baanteay Kdei. Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom etc.and got excelent results. 2. Diagnosis of strong of stones the using the Resonance Method : The Resonance method crystallized Japanese now and high-technology is to disgnosis the strength of deteriorated stone. Based on the resonance tests executed to the pillars situited in the gallery of Preau cruciform of Angkor Wat, the bottom of these pillars come to light an extremely dangerous condition. 3. Survey on the water ground level and the decline of riverbed in Siem Reap river : The actual stale of Siem Reap river and the irrigation system in the Angkor Period were examined in order to compare both of them. In conclution due to the decline of riverbed of Siem Reap river, the water irrigation system.come to be unworkable. Less