Methodology on Excavation of Monuments in the Tropical Asia

热带亚洲古迹发掘方法

• 批准号: 08041028
• 负责人: ISHIZAWA Yoshiaki
• 金额: $ 17.02万
• 依托单位: SOPHIA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08041028/
• 关键词: Angkor Wat; Banteay Kdei; Sukhotai; Ayuthaya; Konarak; Kanchipuram; Sambor prei Kuk; Agra; オリッサ州の写本; インド考古総局; 遺跡エンジニアリング手法; 寺院と地盤の関係; 推理排水貯水網; インド東海岸遺跡リスト; 左岸の塩風破壊; 村落と共同排水; 水利都市; スコータイ遺跡; 副都城の概念; 出土陶磁片; 地下水と雨季; 熱帯アジアの概念; 文化遺産

l.Schedule (1) Trailand - (a) August 5-25,1996 Sukhotai (b) December 20-30,1996 Ayuthaya (c) March 10-23 , 1997 Lower Northeastern Thailand(2) India - (a) September 4-13,1997 : Bhubaneswar, Konarak (b) December 25,1997- January 5,1998 : Lucknow, Agra (c) March 22-31, 1998 : Madras. Kanchipuram, Hyderabad(3) Cambodia- (a) August 17-30 September 1998 : Siemreap(Angkor Monuments) (c) December 18-31,1998 : Siemreap(Angkor Monuments), (d) March 1-24,1999 : Siemreap(Angkor Monuments).2.Conterits of Survey(1) Thailand : The Sukhotai plain and the delta of Chaopraya River are characterized with a dry climate. The average precipitation is berween 1300-1800 mm and the rainy season is between June and November. It rains particularly often in September and October, when in places it a water pillar connects the sky with the ground.On the contrary, the dry season lasts six months , from Desember to May, and the humidity during this period, including the periods at the end of the rainy season in May … More and beginning in December, is marked to be a mere 100 mm of precipitation. Especially in March and April ; , when the medium sized and smaller rivers expose their river beds, and there is not a single drop of water, the reddishbrown earth strechers from one end to the other and the scattered forests with bare trees appear faded and lifeless. That is why , in order to carry out agricultural work, it was important to save up water during the rainy serson to use it during the dry season. Due to suth at attempt, huge reservoirs weredigged and put into practice.(2) India : The Indian people costructed a number of large and small artificial lakes, in particicular South Indian people thus adjusting the land and climatic conditions in accordance with their necessities. The stone monements depict the fact, that whenever a temple was built a dam or a water reservoir was also constructed. There are also entries like, "afraid not from the burning heat of the sun, " which make clear the fact, that by gaining control over the energy, notably called "water" . the people of the region stopped to fear the draft and the floods.Yet, the soil in this part of the world is mostly a mixture of sand and clay, one, which can hardly be called suitable for agriculture, At the times of Pallava Dynasty people constructed surrounding moats, into which they guided a part of the rain and rivers' waterthey broke dams during the rainy sersons, when die volume of the water considerably increased saving the water surplus and using it to cultivate the land. That was their way of life.(3)Cambodia : l. Geological and petrologic Survey : Dry seasan and rainy season, the surveys concerning geology and petrogy were carried out in the Angkor Area, especIally Baanteay Kdei. Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom etc.and got excelent results. 2. Diagnosis of strong of stones the using the Resonance Method : The Resonance method crystallized Japanese now and high-technology is to disgnosis the strength of deteriorated stone. Based on the resonance tests executed to the pillars situited in the gallery of Preau cruciform of Angkor Wat, the bottom of these pillars come to light an extremely dangerous condition. 3. Survey on the water ground level and the decline of riverbed in Siem Reap river : The actual stale of Siem Reap river and the irrigation system in the Angkor Period were examined in order to compare both of them. In conclution due to the decline of riverbed of Siem Reap river, the water irrigation system.come to be unworkable. Less

1.时间表（1）Trailand -（a）1996年8月5日至25日Sukhotai（B）1996年12月20日至30日Ayuthaya（c）1997年3月10日至23日泰国东北部（2）印度-（a）1997年9月4日至13日：Bhubaneswar，Konarak（B）1997年12月25日至1998年1月5日：勒克瑙，阿格拉（c）1998年3月22日至31日：马德拉斯。坎吉普拉姆，海得拉巴（3）柬埔寨-（a）1998年8月17日至9月30日：暹粒（吴哥古迹）（c）1998年12月18日至31日：暹粒（吴哥古迹），（d）1999年3月1日至24日：暹粒（吴哥古迹）。2.调查要点（1）泰国：素可泰平原和昭披耶河三角洲气候干燥。平均降水量为1300-1800毫米，雨季为6月至11月。9月和10月雨水特别多，有些地方有水柱把天空和地面连接起来。相反，旱季持续6个月，从10月到5月，这段时间的湿度，包括5月雨季结束的时期 ...更多信息 从12月开始，降水量只有100毫米。特别是在三四月份，中小河流露出河床，没有一滴水，红褐色的土地从一端延伸到另一端，零星的森林和光秃秃的树木显得黯淡无光。这就是为什么，为了进行农业工作，重要的是要在雨季储存水，以便在旱季使用。由于这种尝试，巨大的水库被挖掘并付诸实施。(2)印度：印度人建造了许多大大小小的人工湖，特别是南印度人，从而根据自己的需要调整土地和气候条件。石头纪念碑描绘了这样一个事实，即每当建造一座寺庙时，也会建造一座大坝或水库。也有条目一样，“不怕从太阳的灼热，“这清楚地表明，通过获得对能量的控制，特别是所谓的“水”.该地区的人们停止了对草案和洪水的恐惧。然而，在世界的这一部分的土壤主要是沙子和粘土的混合物，一个，这几乎不能被称为适合农业，在帕拉瓦王朝时期，人们建造了周围的护城河，他们引导了一部分雨水和河水，他们在多雨的sersons期间打破了水坝，当水的体积大大增加时，节约剩余的水并将其用于耕种土地。这是他们的生活方式。（3）柬埔寨：l.地质和岩石学调查：旱季和雨季，在吴哥地区，特别是Baanteay Kdei进行地质和岩石学调查。吴哥窟和吴哥通等，并取得了优异的成绩。2.利用共振法诊断结石的强度：共振法是日本目前结晶化的高科技方法，用于诊断变质结石的强度。根据对吴哥窟普罗十字形长廊中的柱子进行的共振测试，这些柱子的底部暴露出一种极其危险的状况。3.暹粒河水位与河床下降的调查：考察了吴哥时期暹粒河的实际状况和灌溉系统，以比较两者。总之，由于暹粒河河床的下降，灌溉系统已不可行。少

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丸井雅子: "第15次調査における考古班人材養成プロジェクト" カンボジアの文化復興. 12. 145-146 (1995)

丸井雅子：“第15次调查中的考古队人力资源开发项目”柬埔寨文化复兴。12。145-146（1995）。

ISHIZAWA,Y.: "Restoration Plans for the Western causeway of Angko Wat and Continous Surveys" Renaissance Culturelle du Cambodge (14) Sophia Univ.Institute of Asian Cultures. 193-196 (1997)

ISHIZAWA,Y.：“吴哥窟西堤道的修复计划和持续调查”Renaissance Culturelle du Cambodge (14) 索菲亚大学亚洲文化研究所。

MORIAI,T.: "Diagnosis of the Stone of Banteay Kdei using the Resonance Method" Renaissance Culturelle du Cambodge (14) Sophia Univ.Institute of Asian Cultures. 232-236

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ENDO,N.: "A new Methodology for the Socio-Cultural Development in view of Sustainable Co-existance of the Inhabitantants, Cultural Heritage and Natural Environment Sophia Univ." Renaissance Culturelle du Cambodge (14) Sophia Univ.Institute of Asian Cultur

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