Interaction of coronary hemodynamical and biomolecular signals

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We organized this interdisciplinary project in order to provide a better undestanding of the regulation of the hierarchically structured coronary systems to hemodynamical and metabolic stimuli. Followings are the major findings, implicatins, and suggestions for the future direction of the collaborative research on coronary circulation.1. With aids of needle-probe CCD intravital microscopy and coronary perfusion system, we evaluated for the first time the microvascular behavior in the subendocardial myocardial layrs which is at greatest risk of ischemia in the heart by controlling coronary arterial hemodynamics.2. Not only subepicardial but also subendocardial arterioles showed rapid change in diameter in response to a change in coronary perfusion pressure.3. Immediate response of coronary endothelium-derived nitric oxide to a change in shear stress was evaluated in vivo and contribution of nitric oxide to the mutual regulation of pulsatile coronary hemodynamics and myocardial energeticfs was suggested.4. New mechanoenergetic evaluation of the myocardial performance was proposed in relation to the cellular energetics and molecular signaling. To incorporate myocardial energetics with coronary regulation in vivo, it was suggested taht moment of inertia during cardiac ejection should be taken into account.5. Since the responses of intramyocardial microcirculatory flow and pressure to the coronary hemodynamics are quicker than ever predicted, further improvement of the spatiotemporal resolutions of the measuring systems of the coronary microcirculation is necessary.