Comprehensive Research on Next Generation of Analytical Methodology for Environmental Protection

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In order to control and maintain global and regionalenvironment, highly functionalized system of measurement and analysis is required. In this project wide variety of environmental pollutants were measured with high performance separation analysis, high sensitivity multi-element simultaneous analysis, high sensitivity-high resulution mass spectrometry and ultramicroscopic analysis. Discussion was also made on methodology for high level systematization of these techniques.1.In order to establish ultratrace metal elements in the environment, quantification methods were studied for specific fluorescence of ultratrace amount of berillium, kinetic discrimination mode HPLC detection of borate ions and HPLC analysis of ppb-level aluminum ions in serum.2.ICP atomic emission spectrom etry and ICP mass spectrometry were applied to multielement quantification of trace metal elements in naturalwater, identification of rare-earth elements in human serum and multielement in-depth profiling in sedime … More nts of the Lake Biwa.3.Formation mechanism of highly toxic dioxins during incineration of building material was studied by a loboratory-scale combustion apparatus. High resolution gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to analyze dioxins in ash and exhausts with assistance of isotope-dilution method. Results were as follows.1) Principal source of chlorine in the formation of dioxins from natural material was sodium chloride.2) Chlorinated plastics strongly concerned to formation of dioxins. Organic chlorine compounds more contributed to the formation of dioxins than inorganic chlorine compounds.3) Copperstrongly enhanced the formation of dioxins from chlorinated plastics. Catalytic action of copper seemed to enhance conversion of polychlorinated biphenyl to polychlorinated dibenzofrane.4. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry was applied to the detection of trace compounds on the environmental suspended particles. Automatic analysis software for TOF-SIMS spectra was developed. This software was applied to the analysis of trace chemicals on soot particles in motor exhausts. Combustion-related species were related to particle diameter distribution.5.Algorithm was developed for source apportionment of suspended particulate matter by individual particle analysis and statistical data analysis. Less