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Diagnosis of plant disease by analysis of peptides and oligosaccharides in the sap.

通过分析汁液中的肽和寡糖来诊断植物病害。

基本信息

批准号：
08456061
负责人：
KOBAYASHI Akio
金额：
$ 4.67万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is well known that plants use inorganic elements took from soil via root for their metabolisms. On the other hands a several of small organic compounds such as metabolites of soil microorganisms or artificial pollutants also present around plant rhizosphere. Effects of those organic compounds on plants have been unclear. First, we studied on absorption of rhizospheric microbial metabolites by rice plants to clarify a relationship between rhizospheric microorganisms mediated by organic compounds. We clarified rice plant prefers to absorb 2-aminobenzamide that is one of major metabolites of an actynomyces. To clarify a dynamic of absorbed 2-aminobenzamide, we performed purification and Identification of Its derivatives from rice plant. We extracted rice root with methanol to obtained remarked compound named omicron-ABm-1 omicron -ABm-2, omicron-ABzn-3 that could be thought to be metabolites from 2-aminobenzamide. Further spectroscopic analyses of those compounds revealed that omicron-ABm- land 2 should be identified to be N-glucopyranosil-2-aminobenzamide, in detail, omicron-ABm-1 should be beta-anomer and omicron-ABm-2 should be alfa-anomer. Additionally, omicron-ABm-3 should be identified to be N-beta-isomaltosylosil-2-aminobenzamide. Above result appeared that rice plant selectively absorbed 2-aminebenzamide to accumulate it as a corresponding glucoside. We obtained the result that anthranilic acid that is related compound of 2-aminobennzamode be also absorbed by rice plant. However glucosylation efficiency of anthranilic acid in rice was lower than it of 2- aminobeuzamide. We guess that low efficiency of anthranilic acid glucosylation caused by its consumption for tryptophan biosynthesis. It is unclear why rice plant prefer to absorb 2-aminobennzamide and convert it to its corresponding glucoside.

众所周知，植物通过根系吸收土壤中的无机元素进行代谢。另一方面，在植物根际也存在着一些小的有机化合物，如土壤微生物的代谢产物或人工污染物。这些有机化合物对植物的影响尚不清楚。首先，我们研究了水稻对根际微生物代谢产物的吸收，以阐明有机化合物介导的根际微生物之间的关系。阐明了水稻对actynomestrin主要代谢产物之一2-氨基苯甲酰胺的选择性吸收。为了阐明2-氨基苯甲酰胺在水稻中的吸收动力学，我们对其衍生物进行了纯化和鉴定。用甲醇提取水稻根中的2-氨基苯甲酰胺，得到了具有重要意义的化合物omicron-ABm-1、omicron-ABm-2、omicron-ABzn-3。进一步的光谱分析表明，omicron-ABm-1和omicron-ABm-2应为N-吡喃葡萄糖-2-氨基苯甲酰胺，omicron-ABm-1应为β-端基异构体，omicron-ABm-2应为α-端基异构体。此外，omicron-ABm-3应被鉴定为N-β-异麦芽糖基硅-2-氨基苯甲酰胺。以上结果表明，水稻选择性吸收2-氨基苯甲酰胺，并将其积累为相应的糖苷。结果表明，2-氨基苯甲酸的相关化合物邻氨基苯甲酸也能被水稻吸收。但邻氨基苯甲酸在稻米中的糖基化效率低于2-氨基苯甲酰胺。推测邻氨基苯甲酸葡萄糖基化效率低是由于色氨酸生物合成消耗了邻氨基苯甲酸。目前还不清楚为什么水稻植物喜欢吸收2-氨基苯甲酰胺并将其转化为相应的葡萄糖苷。