Experimental Study of Space Solar Power System Using an Electrical Functional Model

为了研究空间太阳能发电系统的工程问题，建立了模拟该系统的电气功能模型，并进行了地面试验。该模型包括太阳能电池阵列和微波功率发射器，它们集成在1/150比例的太阳能卫星SPS 2000模型上。SPS 2000具有三角形棱柱的形状，每边长为300米，从空间向地面传输10兆瓦的微波功率。将32个太阳能电池组件组装在一个三角形棱柱结构的两侧，在阳光下产生300 W的功率。由于SPS 2000由重力梯度力控制以保持发射器天线面向地面而没有万向节机构，因此所产生的功率随着太阳角的变化而随时间变化。为了研究时变功率分布，通过改变太阳对模型的角度来测量发电量。结果发现，观察结果与模型计算结果在20-30%的偏差范围内一致。作为该模型的新型有源天线，与东海大学的研究人员共同开发了一种紧凑型发射元件，该元件将微波电路和发射天线集成为多层结构，天线单元具有由注入和放大层、耦合层和辐射层组成的分层结构。性能已被证明是由一个二维有源集成放大器天线阵列级联的细胞在两个方向上使用定向耦合器和FFT放大器。我们收到了一些来自国外研究人员的请求，以提供如何建立电气功能模型的信息作为教育目的。根据这些要求，我们已经生成了一份该模型的报告，用作生产手册，这将有助于向公众传播空间太阳能发电系统的科学知识。

In order to study the engineering problems of Space Solar Power System, an electrical functional model which simulates the system has been developed for ground testing. The model includes solar cell arrays and a microwave power transmitter which are integrated on a 1/150 scale model of a solar power satellite model SPS 2000. SPS2000 has the shape of a triangular prism with a length of 300 m each side and transmits 10 MW microwave power from space to ground. Totally 32 solar cell modules were assembled on the two sides of a triangular prism structure which generated a 300 W power under the sunlight. Since the SPS 2000 is controlled by the gravity gradient force to keep the transmitter antenna facing the ground with no gimbal mechanism, the generated power varies with time by the change of sun angle. In order to study the time-varying power profile, the power generation was measured by changing the solar angle to the model. It was found that the observation agrees with the model calculation within a 20-30% deviation. As a new type of active antenna for this model, a compact type of transmitting element which contains microwave circuits and a transmitting antenna integrated into a multi-layer structure has been developed jointly with researchers of Tokai University, The antenna cell has a stratified structure consisting of an injection and amplification layer, a coupling layer, and a radiation layer. The performance has been demonstrated by a two-dimensional active integrated amplifier antenna array cascading the cells in two directions using directional couplers and FFT amplifiers. We received several requests from foreign researchers to provide information how to build the electrical functional model as an educational purpose. Responding to the requests, we have generated a report of this model to be used as an production manual which will contribute spreading scientific knowledge of Space Solar Power System to public.