Study of destruction of thin film structure by hyper-velocity impact

未来的大型空间结构，如太阳能卫星，将采用薄膜结构。对于轨道上的大型结构，空间碎片和流星体以超过几公里/秒的速度的超高速撞击是不可避免的。本研究旨在研究超高速撞击薄膜结构的问题。空间和航天科学研究所的轨道炮系统被用于撞击实验。轨道炮可以将1克聚碳酸酯制成的弹丸加速到4 ~ 5 km/s。实验中研究了薄膜的撞击破坏、喷射器以及弹丸的破坏。结果表明，引射器在推进过程中呈70度角扩张，对第二层靶板造成严重破坏。喷射器对第二层薄膜的总能量与喷射薄膜的质量和弹丸速度的平方成正比。在撞击过程中产生的等离子体 关于我们 pagates在相同的速度的弹丸在前进，但在一个较低的速度，双极扩散速度，在向后。薄膜靶的面密度决定了弹丸的毁伤效果。对于4 ~ 5 km/s的聚碳酸酯弹丸，表面密度的阈值约为0.1g/cm ^2。如果假设冲击力在声波在射弹中传播的时间期间被施加到射弹，则该阈值对应于射弹的压缩强度。研究了减小冲击破坏的薄膜结构。结果表明，网格状划痕结构对抑制冲击破坏的扩展是十分有效的。对于网格状加固结构，破坏较严重，但仅局限于被加固结构包围的部分。这些结果为在空间建造大型薄膜结构提供了重要的工程依据。少

A large space structure in the future, such as the solar power satellite, will use a thin-film structure. For the large structure in orbit, hyper-velocity impact of the space debris and meteoroid at a velocity more than several km/sec cannot be avoided. This research is aimed to study the hyper-velocity impact on a thin film structure. A rail gun system at the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science has been used for the impact experiment. The rail gun can accelerate a projectile of 1gram made of polycarbonate up to 4〜5 km/sec. In the experiment, the impact destruction and ejectors of the thin film have been studied as well as the destruction of the projectile. It is found that the ejectors expanded in 70 degrees in the forward and lead a serious destruction in the second film, target. The total energy of the ejectors that destroy the second film is in proportion to the mass of ejected thin film and square of the projectile velocity. The plasma which is generated at the impact pro … More pagates at the same velocity of the projectile in the forward, but at a lower velocity, the bipolar diffusion velocity, in the backward. The destroy of the projectile depends on the surface density of the thin film target. For the polycarbonate projectile at 4〜5 km/s, the threshold of the surface density is around 0.1g/cm^2. This threshold corresponds to the compression strength of the projectile if the impact force is assumed to be applied to the projectile during the time for the acoustic wave to propagate in the projectile. The thin film structure to minimize the impact destruction is also studied. It is proved that the scratched structure in the lattice-shape is quite effective to suppress the propagation of the impact destruction. For the reinforced structure in the lattice-shape, the destruction is more serious but is localized in the segment surrounded by the reinforced structure. These results give an important engineering basis for the construction of a large thin film structure in space. Less