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Study of Surface Degradation of Spacecraft by Energetic Oxygen Ions

高能氧离子对航天器表面降解的研究

基本信息

批准号：
04650060
负责人：
SASAKI Susumu
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Spacecraft with high power utilities, such as the Solar Power Satellite, will use a high voltage in the power system. Exposure of a high voltage more than 100 V in space plasma causes ion bombardment to the negative side, resulting in an enhanced power loss, material degradation and pollusion in its vicinity. We have made an experiment on the sputtering effect of energetic oxygen ions of 7.1x10^<13> ions/cm^2・sec irradiated onto alluminized polymide. The irradiation rate is approximately 1000 times larger than that on an satellite at the height of 500 km. The mass loss rate of the alluminum layr is estimated by measuring its optical transmittance. The secondary ions generated at the alluminum surface are detected by an ion mass spectrometer. The energy distribution of the secondary ions are measured by a Faraday cup. For 1 keV oxygen ions, the sputtering rate has been found to be typically 0.8 to 1.0 at 1000 eV.The production rate of the secondary ions is 0.02-0.04% and their energy ranges from 30 to 40 eV.These results have been used to estimate power loss, mass loss and pollusion rate for a satellite exposing a high voltage in the ionosphere. In case of a sphere with 1 m diameter biased at -1000 V located at the height of 500 km, alluminum surface will be degraded by 16mum each year while the vicinity will be contaminated by the secondary ions to be accumulated up to 30* per year. The power loss is calculated as 5 watt for this case.

具有高功率公用事业的航天器，如太阳能卫星，将在电力系统中使用高电压。空间等离子体中超过100 V的高电压暴露会导致离子轰击负侧，导致其附近的功率损耗增加，材料退化和污染。我们进行了7.1 × 10 ~（13）<13>ions/cm ~ 2·sec的高能氧离子辐照聚酰亚胺铝膜的溅射效应实验。辐射率大约是500公里高度卫星的1000倍。通过测量铝层的透光率，估算了铝层的质量损失率。在铝表面产生的二次离子由离子质谱仪检测。用法拉第杯测量了二次离子的能量分布。对于1 keV的氧离子，在1000 eV处的溅射率通常为0.8至1.0。二次离子的产生率为0.02-0.04%，其能量范围为30至40 eV。这些结果已用于估计暴露在电离层高压下的卫星的功率损失、质量损失和污染率。如果一个直径为1 m的球体在500 km的高度上以-1000 V偏压，铝表面每年将退化16 μ m，而其附近将被二次离子污染，每年累积高达30 μ m。在这种情况下，功率损耗计算为5瓦。