Functional Brain Mapping using 3D Positron Emission Tomography and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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The aim of this study is to establish a functional brain mapping approach using 3-D positron camera (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A rapid 3D-image reconstruction (1 min per a block data of 63 slices) was achieved using parallel processing algorithm and Tohoku University Super Computer (SX4, NEC inc, Japan), (Ann Nucl Med, 1997). 3D-dynamic data acquisition after injection of ^<15>O labeled water enabled absolute cerebral blood flow calculation without arterial blood sampling (J Cereb Blood Flow Metabol, 1996). Radiation exposure to subjects could reduced to 1/10^<th> of usual 2D data sampling (J Nucl Med, 1997). Anatomical brain standardization software was developed using affine linear image transformation to a template PET image set. Accuracy of this system and the SPM96 was tested by comparing 20 Japanese and 20 British brain images and found that transformation was successful if non-linear transformation was applied. Several clinical researches were carried out using this system for PET and fMRI (Neurosurg Psychiat, 1997 ; J Intl Soc Life Info Sci, 1997 ; Am J Neuroradiol, 1997)