Imaging Brain Function in Real World Environments & Populations with Portable MRI

真实世界环境中的大脑功能成像

• 批准号: 8822705
• 负责人: MICHAEL GARWOOD
• 金额: $ 39.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-26 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8822705
• 关键词: Applications Grants; Behavior; Behavioral; Bicycling; Binding; Brain; Brain imaging; Clinic; Cognitive; Confined Spaces; Developing Countries; Discipline; Disease; Elderly; Elements; Emergency Situation; Energy Supply; Engineering; Environment; Equipment; Feasibility Studies; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Generations; Goals; Head; Helium; High Prevalence; High temperature of physical object; Hospitals; Human; Image; Imaging technology; Implant; Industry; Institution; Investigation; Laboratories; Liquid substance; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maintenance; Mathematics; Mechanics; Methodology; Methods; Motion; Movement; Natural Disasters; Neuroanatomy; Neurologic; Neurosciences; Neurosciences Research; New Territories; Nitrogen; Performance; Phase; Physics; Play; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Population Study; Power Sources; Process; Reporting; Research Infrastructure; Role; Sampling; Shoulder; Site; Social Interaction; Soldier; Specific qualifier value; Sports; Students; System; Techniques; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Time; Traumatic Brain Injury; Tube; Variant; Veterans; War; Work; base; computer science; cost; design; disability; experience; human subject; imaging modality; magnetic field; meetings; multidisciplinary; neuroimaging; new technology; novel; portability; prevent; public health relevance; spatiotemporal; volunteer

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) continues to play a critical role in understanding the human brain. Yet current fMRI technology is far less than ideal for studying brain function due to the unnatural environment and restricting space of the magnet bore. Furthermore, fMRI cannot be performed on subjects who have metallic implants in their body (e.g., the elderly, soldiers and veterans), or who are impaired by certain physical disabilities as occurs in a variety of neurological and vestibular disorders. Finally, due to its expense and infrastructure requirements, MRI's predominant accessibility to wealthier institutions has resulted in a highly biased subject sampling and a shortage of studies in non-western environments and cultures. The general methodology used to obtain MR images today is essentially the same as that used approximately 4 decades ago. One major drawback of such methodology is that the tolerated magnetic field variation over the brain is limited to a small fraction of the magnet's field, B0. To overcome these limitations, a new MRI methodology has been conceived called STEREO, which stands for steering resonance over the object. By generating images with spatiotemporal-encoding, STEREO allows the B0 field to vary by a large amount, and for the first time, makes it possible to use a smaller, inherently less homogeneous magnet. In this project, the unique capabilities of STEREO will be exploited to demonstrate the feasibility of a portable, remotely supportable, head-only MRI scanner to permit imaging brain function in all populations and environments worldwide. To achieve this goal, this project will develop the STEREO methodology, in combination with new multi-coil gradient technology and new MRI spectrometer technology, to produce human brain images in a highly non-uniform B0. This project will also undertake a feasibility study of a new 1.5 T, high temperature superconducting magnet operating at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K), to free the requirements for often unavailable liquid helium and/or a stable power supply for cryo-cooling. The overall objective of this grant proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of critical new methods and technology required for this revolutionary MRI system to become a reality. A multidisciplinary team of leading experts from multiple institutions and industry will meet monthly to report and discuss progress, provide guidance, identify problems and decide corrective courses of action. Based on the experience gained in the process, our new generation MRI system will be specified and designed by the end of this 3-year project. This system will be built and tested with our next round of funding. Making this system available to neuroscientists will open exciting new territories of investigation into the human brain and human behavior, in a wide range of conditions and populations of subjects worldwide.

 描述（由适用提供）：功能磁共振成像（fMRI）继续在理解人脑中发挥关键作用。然而，由于不自然的环境和限制磁铁孔的限制，目前的功能磁共振成像技术远远远远远远远远远远远不适合研究大脑功能。此外，fMRI不能在体内具有金属螺栓（例如，老年人，士兵和退伍军人）的受试者或受到某些身体疾病受损的受试者进行，就像各种神经系统和前庭疾病一样。最后，由于其费用和基础设施要求，MRI对富裕机构的主要可访问性导致了高度偏见的主题抽样，并且在非西方环境和文化中的研究短缺。今天用于获得MR图像的一般方法基本上与大约4年前使用的一般方法相同。这种方法的一个主要缺点是，大脑上的耐受磁场变化仅限于磁铁场B0的一小部分。为了克服这些局限性，已经构思了一种新的MRI方法论，称为立体声，该方法代表对物体的转向共振。通过生成具有时空编码的图像，立体声允许B0字段变化很大，并且首次可以使用较小的，较小的，较小的较小的， 同质磁铁。在这个项目中，将探索立体声的独特功能，以证明可行性，远程支持的，仅头部的MRI扫描仪可在全球所有种群和环境中进行成像大脑功能。为了实现这一目标，该项目将与新的多型梯度技术和新的MRI光谱仪技术结合使用立体声方法，以在高度不均匀的B0中产生人脑图像。该项目还将对在液氮温度（77 K）下运行的新1.5 T，高温超导磁铁进行可行性研究，以释放通常无法获得的液态氦气和/或稳定的冷冻冷却电源的要求。该赠款提案的总体目标是证明这种革命性MRI系统所需的关键新方法和技术的可行性才能成为现实。来自多个机构和行业的主要专家组成的多学科团队将每月满足 报告和讨论进展，提供指导，确定问题并确定纠正措施的行动方案。根据该过程中获得的经验，我们的新一代MRI系统将由该3年项目的结束指定和设计。该系统将通过我们的下一轮资金来构建和测试。在全世界的各种条件和人群中，使神经科学家提供该系统将为人类脑和人类行为开放令人兴奋的新领土。