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The Possibility and the Necessity of the phenomenological point of view in the Philosophy of Technology

技术哲学中现象学观点的可能性与必要性

基本信息

批准号：
08610006
负责人：
MURATA Junichi
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is firstly to show the significance of the phenomenological point of view in the philosophy of technology in surveying the history of the philosophy of technology, and secondly to get some indications for developing the phenomenological philosophy of technology.In this research we treat with the problems of 'technology and knowledge', 'science and technology' and 'technology and society' as main problems of philosoph of technology. Normally technology is considered as application of a knowledge of a certain law or rule. But according to Kant the relationship between knowledge and technology could be regarded rather conversely, for knowledge in general is only possible on the ground of 'Kunst' (art or technics) of application of concepts to experiences. From this view point ** have discussed the possibility of the thesis that technology could be regarded as the Dasis of knowledge, and developed this thesis through the consideration of the recent discussions concerning the cognitive theories in the cognitive science. From these studies we propose the thesis that technology is to be regarded as a kind of environment of knowledge. This thesis was concretized further to the thesis that technology is the environment of science through the studies of the process of the genesis of modern science. And lastly we treat the relationship between technology and society. Through the critical consideration of the discrepancy between technological determinism and social constructionism, we propose the 'double aspect theory of technology and society', and the necessity of the hermeneutics of technology.

本研究的目的在于展示技术哲学中现象学观点对技术哲学史的审视意义，以及对现象学技术哲学发展的启示。在本研究中，技术哲学的主要问题是“技术与知识”、“科学与技术”和“技术与社会”。通常，技术被认为是对某一法律或规则的知识的应用。但根据康德的观点，知识和技术之间的关系可以被认为是相反的，因为一般情况下，知识只有在将概念应用于经验的‘昆斯特’(艺术或技术)的基础上才可能。从这一观点出发，**讨论了技术可以被视为知识的工具这一论题的可能性，并通过对认知科学中最近关于认知理论的讨论来发展这一论题。通过这些研究，我们提出了将技术视为一种知识环境这一命题。本文通过对现代科学发生过程的研究，进一步具体化了技术是科学的环境这一命题。最后，我们讨论了技术与社会的关系。通过对技术决定论与社会建构论之间差异的批判性思考，我们提出了“技术与社会双面论”，以及技术解释学的必要性。