The formation of the Japanese electronic component industry

日本电子元件产业的形成

• 批准号: 08630070
• 负责人: HIRAMOTO Atsushi
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08630070/
• 关键词: Electronic component; Electronic Industry; Electronics; Business History; Radio manufacturing; joint research; Medium and small companies; Innovation; 無線工業

I have hunted up historical materials and had interviews with the people concerned. As a result, I could collect materials and some information about Matsushita, Hayakawa, Yamanaka, NHK, Toshiba, and several electronic component companies. The results of the survey are as follows.1. At the beginning of radio broadcasting, radio amateurs tended to make their own receivers, consisting of also self-made components. Electronic component industry was scarcely brought into existence.2. As the receiver had developed from the crystal set to the valve set, and from the battery set to the AC set, the number of passive components needed for a set had increased and the requirements of the component performance became severe. It made the component market larger and larger so that the electronic component industry was made up.3. The industry consisted of a lot of specialized small companies, on the one side, and component branches of a few large diversified companies on the other. Several large set-makers had also made their own components.4. The Industrial structure was not good for the innovative action of companies.5. As a result, Japanese passive components were inferior to the advanced countries' ones in performance and quality just after the War.6. To innovations of components after the War, joint research undertakings such as Electrolytic Condenser Society", "Paper Condenser Society", "KANSAI Resistor Committee", contributed much.7. The emergence of the new electronics consumer products, like TV, made component requirement severer. The performance and reliability of components had to be much advanced. The companies which could endure the trials, also could enjoy rapid growth.

我查阅了历史资料，并采访了有关人士。因此，我可以收集材料和一些信息，松下，早川，山中，NHK，东芝，和几个电子元件公司。调查结果如下.在无线电广播开始时，业余无线电爱好者倾向于制作自己的接收器，包括自制的组件。电子元器件工业几乎没有产生.随着接收机从晶体机到电子管机、从电池机到交流机的发展，一台接收机所需的无源器件数量不断增加，对器件性能的要求也越来越高。它使元器件市场越来越大，从而形成了电子元器件产业。该行业一方面由许多专业化的小公司组成，另一方面由少数大型多元化公司的分支机构组成。几家大型的电视机制造商也制造了自己的部件。产业结构不利于企业的创新行为.结果，战后不久，日本的无源元件在性能和质量上都不如先进国家。对于战后零部件的革新，电解电容器学会、纸电容器学会、关西电阻器委员会等共同研究事业做出了很大贡献。电视机等新型电子消费产品的出现，使得元器件的需求更加迫切。部件的性能和可靠性必须大大提高。那些能够经受住考验的公司，也可以享受快速增长。