Forensic Studies on a New Genetic Marker, Human DNase I

1.自从一个新的序列，DNASE 1-D1* Iye D16，人类DNase I多态性已经被识别， DNase I-多态性可以被分类为21种不同的表型。这些发现允许DNase I的能力--在个人身份识别中，以进一步提升。6型同工酶是第一种被展示出来的异构酶。良好的DNase I-输入结果已获得使用新开发的提取和纯化方法的DNase I衍生和极小的saliva stains （相当于约10μl saliva）。因此，它被确认为DNase I-多态性提供了关于saliva stains的法医特征的有价值的信息。一个密切的统计关联发现了与胃肠道瘤患者和DNase I表型2的高频率患者之间的关系。然而，在患者群体与有益的胃肠道疾病和控制之间，存在着表型分布中没有明显的差异。因此， DNase I2可能具有识别P的潜力。 ... More 那些在加工或开发垃圾碳水化合物方面面临风险的人。它被发现是人类临床试验中表现出的较高的DNase I酶活性和表达，在快速和瞬态标记中诱导了一个重要的提升或降解的DNase I活性。因此，这些发现强烈地认为，我的DNA发挥了一种新的生物学作用，而不是一个数字化的作用。他和副球菌DNA酶的生物化学和分子生物特征，我已经表现出来了。将这些酶与其他vertebrate DNase I允许我们将其结合起来，因为更广泛的DNase I处于一个独立的位置，远离所有其他酶从DNase I-家族的稳定点的分子进化。我们以前已经找到了人类脱氧核糖核酸酶（DNase） II，在这个过程中成为遗传标记。在这项研究中，我们成功地克隆了两种补充DNA和基因组DNA编码人类DNA酶II。Furthermore，基因的区域定位（DNASE 2）至19p13.2 - 13.1通过FISH分析完成。这是对哺乳动物DNA酶II.7的cDNA和基因克隆和表征的首次报告。在human vary depending on whether the individual has the DNASE 2中的D1* 中的D1 H or中的D1* 中的D1 L allele。The transient transfection luciferase analysis of the Dase II gene expression permit us to conclude that the A-75 G transition in the proximal promoter region causes the allelic difference in the promoter activity of the gene， underlying its genetic polymorphism. 8.人类DNA酶II是由三个非身份子组成的。从站点指导的突变研究中，发现了一种类似的附件，即碳水化合物动力学、蛋白质清除和酶的固有信号肽可能是必需的，以满足亚细胞排序和匹配的要求。考虑这些发现是在这个研究项目中制造的， DNase我已经被确认成为一个最有用和最有效的遗传标记者提供的法医用途，如个人身份识别和产权测试。Less（低）

1. Since a new alleles, DNASE1 ィイD1*ィエD16, of human DNase I polymorphism was identified, DNase I-polymorphism can be classified into 21 different phenotypes. These findings permit the ability of DNase I-polymorphism in personal identification to be further elevated. The type 6 isoenzyme was the first type to be shown to be labile.2. Good DNase I-typing results were obtained using a newly developed method for extraction and purification of DNase I fro aged and extremely small saliva stains (equivalent to about 10μl saliva). Therefore, it was confirmed that DNase I-polymorphism provides valuable information for forensic characterization of saliva stains.3. A close statistical association was found between patient with gastric carcinoma and a high frequency of DNase I phenotype 2. However, there was no significant difference in the phenotype distribution between the group of patients with benign gastric diseases and controls. Therefore, DNase I 2 may have potential for identification of p … More atients who are at risk of harboring or developing gastric carcinoma.4. It was discovered that the human pituitary gland exhibits higher DNase I enzyme activity and expression of its gene and hypothalamic hormones induced a significant elevation or decline of DNase I activity in a rapid and transient manner. Therefore, these findings strongly suggest that DNase I plays novel biological roles other than a digestive one.5. Biochemical and molecular-biological characterizations of hen and Xenopus laevis DNase I have been performed. Comparison of these enzyme with other vertebrate DNase I allowed us to conclude that the latter DNase I is situated at an independent position far from all the other enzymes from the standing point of molecular evolution in DNase I-family.6. We have previously found human deoxyribonuclease (DNase) II to be a genetic marker present in semen. In this study, we succeeded in cloning of both the complementary and genomic DNAs encoding human DNase II. Furthermore, regional localization of the gene (DNASE2) to 19p13.2-p13.1 was achieved by FISH analysis. This is the first report of the cloning and characterization of the cDNA and gene for mammalian DNase II.7. DNase II levels in human vary depending on whether the individual has the DNASE2ィイD1*ィエD1H or ィイD1*ィエD1L allele. The transient transfection luciferase analysis of the DNase II gene expression permit us to conclude that the A-75G transition in the proximal promoter region causes the allelic difference in the promoter activity of the gene, underlying its genetic polymorphism.8. Human DNase II was composed of three non-identical subunits. From site-directed mutagenesis study, it was found that a simultaneous attachment of a carbohydrate moiety, proteolytic cleavage and the inherent signal peptide might be required for subcellular sorting and maturation of the enzyme.Considering these findings made in this research project, DNase I has been confirmed to be one of the most useful and effective genetic markers suited for forensic purpose such as personal identification and paternity testing. Less