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Forensic and Serological Study of Identification of Suspects in Sexual Offenses.

性犯罪嫌疑人识别的法医和血清学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
05454237
负责人：
KISHI Koichiro
金额：
$ 4.1万
依托单位：
FUKUI MEDICAL SCHOOL
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05454237/
关键词：
DNase Genetic Polymorphism Genetic Marker Gene Mapping Cloning PCR Semen Sexual Offenses フコシダーゼ個人識別遺伝的多型形質 DNase I型等電点電気泳動法 DAFO法精液斑混合体液斑

项目摘要

In order to identify a suspect in sexual offenses, semen and semen-stains are one of the most important materials. At the present time, only two or three genetic markers in semen have been used for individual ization of them, although many more useful markers have been adopted for blood samples for the same purposes.We found that genetic polymorphisms of deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I), transferrin (TF), alpha-1-antitrypsin (PI), and fucosidase (FUCA1) were the most appropriate for individualization tests from semen samples, because they have several excellent characteristics : nice gene frequencies, resistancy agaist denaturation, a large amount of their contents in semen, and highly sensitive and specific detection methods for their typing. Our research results about DNase I are as follows.1. We discovered the genetic polymorphism of DNase I.DNase I is controlled by four co-dominat alleles, DNASE1^*1, ^*2, ^*3 and ^*4. The polymorphism was detected in Japanese, other Asiatics, Caucasians and Africans.2. DNase I polymorphism were expressed in both body fluids (semen, urine, serum and saliva) and organs (pancreas, liver and kidney).3. We elucidated the structural organization of the gene for DNase I and showed that the gene was ca. 3.2 kb long, it comprised 9 exons separated by 8 introns and its complete sequence was determined.4. A regional localization of DNase I gene was assigned to 16p13.3 using the PCR.5. All the four alleles of DNase I was generated by a point mutation (one nucleotide substitution) occured in the coding region. These substitutions resulted in the replacement of amino acid residues of the mature enzyme. Using two methods, mismatched PCR amplification and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS), we succeeded in discriminating all of the four DNase I alleles.

精液和精斑是性犯罪嫌疑人身份鉴定的重要材料之一。目前，精液中仅有两三种遗传标记可用于个体化检测，而血液样本中有更多的遗传标记可用于个体化检测，我们发现脱氧核糖核酸酶I（DNase I）、转铁蛋白（TF）、α-1-抗胰蛋白酶（PI）和岩藻糖苷酶（FUCA 1）的遗传多态性最适合用于精液样本的个体化检测，因为它们具有基因频率好、抗变性、精液中含量高、分型灵敏度高、特异性强等特点。我们对DNase I的研究结果如下：1.发现了DNA酶I的遗传多态性，DNA酶I受4个共显性等位基因DNA酶1 ^*1、^*2、^*3和^*4控制。该多态性在日本人、其他亚洲人、高加索人和非洲人中均有检出. DNA酶I多态性在体液（精液、尿液、血清和唾液）和器官（胰腺、肝脏和肾脏）中均有表达.我们阐明了DNA酶I基因的结构组织，并表明该基因是ca。3.2该基因全长1.2kb，由9个外显子和8个内含子组成，并测定了其全序列. DNA酶I基因定位于16p13.3. DNA酶I的4个等位基因均由编码区的一个点突变（一个核苷酸替换）产生。这些取代导致成熟酶的氨基酸残基被替换。采用错配PCR扩增和扩增难治突变系统（ARMS）两种方法，我们成功地区分了所有四个DNase I等位基因。