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Forensic and Serological Study of Identification of Suspects in Sexual Offenses.

性犯罪嫌疑人识别的法医和血清学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
05454237
负责人：
KISHI Koichiro
金额：
$ 4.1万
依托单位：
FUKUI MEDICAL SCHOOL
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05454237/
关键词：
DNase Genetic Polymorphism Genetic Marker Gene Mapping Cloning PCR Semen Sexual Offenses フコシダーゼ個人識別遺伝的多型形質 DNase I型等電点電気泳動法 DAFO法精液斑混合体液斑

项目摘要

In order to identify a suspect in sexual offenses, semen and semen-stains are one of the most important materials. At the present time, only two or three genetic markers in semen have been used for individual ization of them, although many more useful markers have been adopted for blood samples for the same purposes.We found that genetic polymorphisms of deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I), transferrin (TF), alpha-1-antitrypsin (PI), and fucosidase (FUCA1) were the most appropriate for individualization tests from semen samples, because they have several excellent characteristics : nice gene frequencies, resistancy agaist denaturation, a large amount of their contents in semen, and highly sensitive and specific detection methods for their typing. Our research results about DNase I are as follows.1. We discovered the genetic polymorphism of DNase I.DNase I is controlled by four co-dominat alleles, DNASE1^*1, ^*2, ^*3 and ^*4. The polymorphism was detected in Japanese, other Asiatics, Caucasians and Africans.2. DNase I polymorphism were expressed in both body fluids (semen, urine, serum and saliva) and organs (pancreas, liver and kidney).3. We elucidated the structural organization of the gene for DNase I and showed that the gene was ca. 3.2 kb long, it comprised 9 exons separated by 8 introns and its complete sequence was determined.4. A regional localization of DNase I gene was assigned to 16p13.3 using the PCR.5. All the four alleles of DNase I was generated by a point mutation (one nucleotide substitution) occured in the coding region. These substitutions resulted in the replacement of amino acid residues of the mature enzyme. Using two methods, mismatched PCR amplification and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS), we succeeded in discriminating all of the four DNase I alleles.

为了识别性犯罪嫌疑人，精液和精液污渍是最重要的材料之一。目前，精液中只有两到三个遗传标记被用于个体化，尽管出于相同目的，血液样本中已经采用了许多更有用的标记。我们发现脱氧核糖核酸酶 I (DNase I)、转铁蛋白 (TF)、α-1-抗胰蛋白酶 (PI) 和岩藻糖苷酶 (FUCA1) 的遗传多态性最适合个体化。精液样本检测，因其具有基因频率好、抗变性、精液中含量高、分型检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强等优良特性。我们对DNase I的研究结果如下： 1．我们发现了DNase I的遗传多态性。DNase I由四个共显性等位基因DNASE1^*1、^*2、^*3和^*4控制。该多态性在日本人、其他亚洲人、白种人和非洲人中均检测到。2． DNase I多态性在体液（精液、尿液、血清、唾液）和器官（胰腺、肝脏、肾脏）中均有表达。 3．我们阐明了 DNase I 基因的结构组织，并表明该基因约为其长度为3.2 kb，由9个外显子组成，中间间隔8个内含子，并确定了其完整序列。 4．使用 PCR.5 将 DNase I 基因的区域定位分配给 16p13.3。 DNase I 的所有四个等位基因都是由编码区发生的点突变（一个核苷酸取代）产生的。这些取代导致成熟酶的氨基酸残基被替换。使用两种方法，错配 PCR 扩增和扩增阻滞突变系统 (ARMS)，我们成功区分了所有四种 DNase I 等位基因。