Forensic Studies on Identification of a Hit-and-Run Vehicle

1.人类脱氧核糖核酸酶I（DNase I）多态性已被证明是一个非常有用的遗传标记，在法医学领域的个人识别。我们已经开发了一种新的DNA酶I基因分型系统，使用聚合酶链反应。该基因分型方法的高灵敏度和特异性使我们能够在小的DNA样本中检测DNA酶I多态性。2.在日本人群中发现了人类DNA酶I的第五个等位基因DNASE 1 ^**>5，因此，DNA酶I多态性可分为15种不同的表型。除了这些蛋白质多态性，一个新的多态性位点，由于C-G取代已被确定在内含子7的人DNA酶I基因。这些发现使得DNase I多态性在个体识别中的能力进一步增强。3.白种人和黑人被分为几种DNase I表型。人类DNA酶I的遗传多态性是世界范围内的。此外，我们还澄清了PR ...更多信息 DNA酶I多态性在不同人群中存在显著差异。4.我们调查了迄今为止在人类体液中用于个人识别的有用遗传标记。由于唾液和精液α-2-HS糖蛋白（AHSG）是可重复的表型，AHSG分型可以提供一个额外的鉴别特征，在法医学检查的精液和唾液样本。我们已经确定了DNA酶I表型从液体汗液样本和用过的袜子上的汗渍。因此，我们证明DNA酶I多态性是对汗液附着物品刑事侦查非常有效且不可或缺的遗传标记。5.我们成功克隆了编码人DNA酶II的全长cDNA，我们先前已阐明该基因具有遗传多态性。此外，委员会认为，DNA酶Ⅱ基因（DNASE 2）定位于19p13.2-p13.1。这是首次报道哺乳动物DNA酶Ⅱ cDNA的克隆和鉴定。兔和小鼠DNA酶的全长cDNA I.通过免疫学和生化学比较，构建了这两种DNA酶的分子进化树考虑到这些发现，DNA酶I多态性已被证实是最有用和最有效的遗传标记，适合于个人身份识别的法医材料粘附在可疑的肇事逃逸车辆。少

1.Human deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) polymorphism has been demonstrated to be an extremely useful genetic marker for personal identification in the forensic field. We have developed a novel DNase I-genotyping system using the polymerase chain reaction. The high sensitivity and specificity of this genotyping method allowed us to survey DNase I-polymorphism in small DNA samples.2.The fifth allele, DNASE1^<**>5, of human DNase I has been discovered in a Japanese population, and consequently, DNase I-polymorphism can be classified into 15 different phenotypes. In addition to these protein polymorphisms, a new polymorphic site due to a C-G substitution has been identified in intron 7 of the human DNase I gene. These findings permit the ability of DNase I-polymorphism in personal identification to be further enhanced.3.Caucasian and Negroid populations were classified into several DNase I phenotypes. Genetic polymorphism of human DNase I was world-wide. Furthermore, we have clarified the pr … More esence of significant differences in DNase I polymorphism between populations.4.We have surveyed useful genetic markers for personal identification in human body fluids hitherto. Since salivary and seminal alpha-2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG) was reproducibly phenotypable, AHSG typing could provide an additional discriminate characteristic in the forensic examination of semen and saliva samples. We have determined the DNase I phenotype from both liquid sweat samples and sweat stains on used socks. Therefore, we have shown that the DNase I polymorphism is the genetic marker very effective and indispensable for criminal investigation of sweat-adhered items.5.We have succeeded in cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding human DNase II which was elucidated by us to exhibit a genetic polymorphism previously. Furthermore, the DNase II gene (DNASE2) could be assigned to 19p13.2-p13.1.This was the first report of the cloning and characterization of a cDNA for mammalian DNase II.6.We have determined the structure of the respective full-length cDNA encoding rabbit and mouse DNases I.Immunological and biochemical comparison between mammlian DNases I allowed us to construct the molecular evolutional tree of these DNases I.Considering these findings, DNase I-polymorphism has been confirmed to be the most useful and effective genetic marker suited for personal identification on forensic materials adhered to suspected hit-and-run vehicles. Less