Forensic Studies on Identification of a Hit-and-Run Vehicle

肇事逃逸车辆识别的法医学研究

基本信息

批准号：
08407015
负责人：
KISHI Koichiro
金额：
$ 9.47万
依托单位：
Gunma University School of Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08407015/
关键词：
Personal identification Genetic polymorphism Deoxyribonuclease Molecular biology Human genetics DNA polymorphism Enzyme デオキリシボ核酸分解酵素 cDNA STR DNase I PCR 親子鑑定遺伝子構造

项目摘要

1.Human deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) polymorphism has been demonstrated to be an extremely useful genetic marker for personal identification in the forensic field. We have developed a novel DNase I-genotyping system using the polymerase chain reaction. The high sensitivity and specificity of this genotyping method allowed us to survey DNase I-polymorphism in small DNA samples.2.The fifth allele, DNASE1^<**>5, of human DNase I has been discovered in a Japanese population, and consequently, DNase I-polymorphism can be classified into 15 different phenotypes. In addition to these protein polymorphisms, a new polymorphic site due to a C-G substitution has been identified in intron 7 of the human DNase I gene. These findings permit the ability of DNase I-polymorphism in personal identification to be further enhanced.3.Caucasian and Negroid populations were classified into several DNase I phenotypes. Genetic polymorphism of human DNase I was world-wide. Furthermore, we have clarified the pr … More esence of significant differences in DNase I polymorphism between populations.4.We have surveyed useful genetic markers for personal identification in human body fluids hitherto. Since salivary and seminal alpha-2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG) was reproducibly phenotypable, AHSG typing could provide an additional discriminate characteristic in the forensic examination of semen and saliva samples. We have determined the DNase I phenotype from both liquid sweat samples and sweat stains on used socks. Therefore, we have shown that the DNase I polymorphism is the genetic marker very effective and indispensable for criminal investigation of sweat-adhered items.5.We have succeeded in cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding human DNase II which was elucidated by us to exhibit a genetic polymorphism previously. Furthermore, the DNase II gene (DNASE2) could be assigned to 19p13.2-p13.1.This was the first report of the cloning and characterization of a cDNA for mammalian DNase II.6.We have determined the structure of the respective full-length cDNA encoding rabbit and mouse DNases I.Immunological and biochemical comparison between mammlian DNases I allowed us to construct the molecular evolutional tree of these DNases I.Considering these findings, DNase I-polymorphism has been confirmed to be the most useful and effective genetic marker suited for personal identification on forensic materials adhered to suspected hit-and-run vehicles. Less

1.人类的脱氧核糖核酸酶I（DNase I）多态性已被证明是在法医领域中个人鉴定的非常有用的遗传标记。我们已经使用聚合酶链反应开发了一种新型的DNase I生成系统。这种基因分型方法的高灵敏度和特异性使我们能够调查小型DNA样品中的DNase I-晶状体形态。2。第五等位基因，DNase1^<**> 5，是人类DNase I已在日本人群中发现的，因此，DNase I-colymormorprist可以分类为15种不同的寄生虫。除了这些蛋白质多态性外，在人DNase I基因的内含子7中还发现了由于C-G取代引起的新多态性。这些发现允许在个人鉴定中进一步增强DNase I - 多态性的能力。3.Caucasian和Negroid种群分为几种DNase I表型。人类DNase I的遗传多态性在全球范围内。此外，我们已经阐明了PR ...人群之间的DNase I多态性的显着差异的更多差异。4。我们已经调查了迄今为止人体液体中个人鉴定的有用遗传标记。由于唾液和半α-2-HS糖蛋白（AHSG）是可重复的表型，因此在对精液和唾液样品的法医检查中，AHSG键入可以提供额外的区分特征。我们已经确定了从液体汗液样品和二手袜子上的汗污渍中的DNase I表型。因此，我们已经表明，DNase I多态性是遗传标记物非常有效，对于对汗水辅助物品的刑事研究非常有效。5.我们成功地克隆了编码人类DNase II的全长cDNA，该cDNA编码了人类DNase II，该cDNA由我们阐明了我们以前阐明了先前验证了a遗传性多态性。此外，DNase II基因（DNase2）可以分配到19p13.2-p13.1。这是第一个报道的第一个报告，是针对哺乳动物DNase II.6.6.我们确定了相应的全长cDNA cDNA的结构，即编码全长的cDNA和构造cDNA的结构，即在乳腺cDNA的结构（即对兔和生物学之间的构造）中的结构（这些DN酶的进化树是考虑到这些发现的，DNase I-甲状腺真实性已被证实是最有用，最有效的遗传标记物，适用于遵守可疑撞击车辆的法医材料的个人鉴定。较少的