Molecular biology of pathological conditions and diagnosis in dental pulp disorder and periodontal disease.

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(1) Summary concerning dental pulp diseases : Type I collagen and osteopontin were found in human dental pulp stones and osteopontin expressin was stimulated by retinoic acid in culturted dental pulp cells. When the localization of DNA fragment after laser irradiation was investigated, dental pulps were affected at the early stage of cavity preparation. Expression of VEGF was induced by inflammatory cytokines in cultured dental pulp cells, which was mediated through AP-1 activations.(2) Summary concerning periodontal diseases : RT-PCR analyses using inflammed gingival tissues of adult periodotitis revealed that high levels of P.gingivalis, T.denticola, and B.forsythus were found. Novel RT-PCR examination system using very little gingival tissues was established, in which over 20 mRNAs of inflammatory factors were detected from the periodontal lesions and semi-quantified the volume of the mRNAs. In cultured gingival fibroblasts, various proteins induced by IL-1 were transfered from predominant type to mature type. Adhesion molecules expressed by TNF-α were down-regulated by PGE_2 and I_2 in gingival epithelial cells. LPS form P.gingivalis inhibited osteoblastic differentiation of cultured rat calvaria cells. CD 14 was associated with calcium signal pathway stimulated by LPS.Expression of SPARC and OCIF was changed with the ageing of periodontal ligament cells and SPARC has an important role with the healing of periodontal tissues. In high glucose conditions, activity of cathepsin was inhibited in periodontal ligament cells. Phenytoin and Cyclosporin A were inhibited the expressions of MMP-1 and TIMP-1.