Smart Nano-Machining and Measurement System with Diamond Probe Array Integrated with Piezoelectric Sensors and Actuators

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We have been developing a smart nano-machining and measurement system with a diamond probe array integrated with piezoelectric sensors and actuators.In order to realize this system, first, we have developed a variety of micromachining techniques of diamond thin films. These include the patterning of diamond thin films, sacrificial layer etching for the fabrication of movable microstructures being released from a substrate, a mold technique for the fabrication of three-dimensional microstructures, and bonding for assembly and packaging.Next, using a semiconductive diamond tip fabricated by the mold technique, we have developed an ultraprecision machining system with an in situ STM function. The results obtained showed that this newly developed semiconductive diamond tip was effective both as a machining tool and an STM tip.Then, we have developed a batch fabrication process for diamond AFM probes. This process includes our newly developed technique for the anodic bonding of a glass back … More ing plate to a diamond base, to which diamond probes have been attached, to facilitate handling. The diamond probes having been fabricated selective deposition for patterning a diamond cantilever and a Si mold technique for producing a sharp diamond tip. The fabricated diamond probes were optimally designed for contact mode AFM measurements by FEA simulations, and consisted of two kinds of V-shaped cantilever with spring constants of approximately 1 N/m and 5 N/m. These diamond probes proved capable of measuring AFM images.Finally, in order to realize the piezoelectric sensors and actuators, we have studied the optimum sputtering conditions of piezoelectric thin films such as ZnO and PZT, giving the piezoelectric constants d31 of around 3 and 90 pC/N, respectively. The values were measured using our newly developed measurement method for the piezoelectric constant d31 of thin film, based on the free vibration theory of cantilever beams. We have also developed the patterning techniques of the piezoelectric thin films. Less