Research on Modern Gagaku Tradition : Focusing on Activities of the Music Department of the Imperial Household Ministry 1868-1945

本研究以近代家庭部音乐部的活动为研究对象，以近代家庭部为研究对象。明治维新后，明治政府在内阁内部设立了家庭厅，以完成家庭部传习制度的快速重组。结果，宫廷音乐家被赋予了整个gagaku传统的责任。1874年，他们还被要求学习西方音乐，以便在从西方引进的新宫廷仪式上表演。这种以音乐部为基础的现代gagaku传统，以旧gagaku工厂的专业音乐家为中心组织起来，一直保持到第二次世界大战结束。除了音乐家本身的音乐才能之外，还有一些贡献因素：始于1884年并于1914年全面修订的七年制专业课程，旨在培养遗产的接班人；开始于1884年的家庭财政支持制度。战争期间的死亡和随后几年年轻的Gagaku家庭成员被其他职业所失去，以及官僚机构内部的改革导致雇用的音乐家数量大幅减少，使这一传统在战后几年达到了新的转折点。

This research project dealt with the history of the modern gagaku, focusing on the activities of the Music Department of the Imperial Household Ministry (Kunaisho Gakubu) 1868-1945.After the Meiji Restoration, Meiji Government established Gagaku Kyoku (later Kunaisho Gakubu) within the Cabinet, to accomplish the quick reorganization of the system for gagaku transmission. As the results, the court musicians were given responsibilities for the whole gagaku tradition. In 1874, they were also required to study Western music to perform at the occasions of new court ceremonies adopted from the West.This tradition of modern gagaku as organized around the body of professional musicians of the old gagaku fimilies based at the Music Department was maintained until the end of World War II.There were a number of contributing elements besides the musicianship of musicians themselves : the seven-year specialist curriculum designed to produce successors to the heritage, which began in 1884 and completely revised in 1914 ; and the system for financial support of the families involved in its transmission, which commenced in 1884.Deaths during the war and the loss of younger members of gagaku families to other professions in the succeeding years, as well as reforms within the bureaucracy which resulted in a major reduction in number of musicians employed, brought the tradition to a new turning point in the post-war years.