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STUDY OF LEXICAL SEMANTICS BASED ON X'-SEMANTICS

基于X-语义的词汇语义研究

基本信息

批准号：
10610453
负责人：
NAKAMURA Masaru
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. I argue about the problem concerning the correlation between meanings of verbs and their complement sentence selection, that is, whether we can predict, on the basis of the substantive semantics of verbs, what type of complement sentence they can select, and find out the close correlation between the semantics of complement sentence-taking verbs and the types of complement sentences. I also provide a semantic account of the differences and similarities of factive and semi-factive predicates.2. Some verbs taking complement sentences require their complement sentence to be of the form V-NP-to-VP.They can be classified into three types, want-type verbs, persuade-type verbs, and believe-type verbs, in terms of certain criteria. However, if these criteria are applied to verbs like allow, permit, force, order, etc., conflicting results are obtained. However, these problems are solved if these verbs are classified as ECM type verbs like believe and a certain rule of inference.3. Minimalist grammars, unlike GB grammars, are so constructed as to generate only grammatical sentences. This idea gives birth to the strong thesis that the computational component makes no errors in every step of derivation. To implement this thesis the Earliness Principle is proposed that claims that licensing should be done as early as possible. Since the strong thesis allows no misapplication of movements, traditional conditions on movements like the Subjacency Condition and CED should be eliminated from the computational component. Ungrammatical sentences that are claimed to have been ruled out by these island conditions are just underivable sentences. And island effects, if any, should be accounted for by perceptual strategies, pragmatic principles, or semantic or phonological principles.

1.论证了动词的语义与其补语句选择的相关性问题，即能否根据动词的实体语义来预测它们可以选择什么类型的补语句，并找出补语取句动词的语义与补语句类型之间的密切关系。本文还对事实谓词和半事实谓词的异同进行了语义分析。有些带补语的动词要求其补语句式为V-NP-to-VP。根据一定的标准，它们可以分为三种类型：想要型动词、劝说型动词和信念型动词。然而，如果将这些标准应用于允许、允许、强制、顺序等动词，则会得到相互冲突的结果。然而，如果将这些动词归类为ECM类动词，如Believe和一定的推理规则，这些问题就会得到解决。与GB文法不同，极简主义文法的构造方式是只生成语法句子。这个想法催生了一个强有力的论点，即计算组件在推导的每一步都不会出错。为实施本论文，本文提出了提早原则，主张应尽早进行许可。由于强有力的论点不允许错误地应用运动，传统的运动条件，如邻接条件和CED，应该从计算组件中删除。声称已被这些岛屿条件排除的不符合语法的句子只是不适合居住的句子。而孤岛效应，如果有的话，应该用感知策略、语用原则、语义或语音原则来解释。