Crime, Punishment and Criminal Procedure of Medieval Japan

本研究的主要目的是调查“kentokubun”（地主在处理刑事案件时获得的利益）的制度和实际情况，并重新考虑先前对“Bakueki”（赌博）和“违反道德的性犯罪（强奸或通奸等）”的研究，以澄清什么行为因什么原因被推定为犯罪，以及根据什么程序对这些行为进行惩罚。此外，本研究的目的是建立一个与犯罪和惩罚相关的关键词数据库，这些关键词是在以前出版的中世纪法律来源中发现的。1998年会计年度，在《镰村文录》、《中古法书》等文献中，选取并检索了66个与犯罪、刑罚、刑事程序相关的关键词，整理出了15000多个关键词，如果将其制作成数据库，将对今后的刑法史研究有很大的帮助。在上一个会计年度，在完成关键词的编制后，开始了数据库的创建工作，因此是本研究的主要工作。在本财政年度，本研究的目的是分析和公布结果，由于阅读材料的困难而延迟。然而，正是在这份报告中建立了关键词数据库，这必将有助于中世纪犯罪史研究的发展。目前，正在撰写有关“Bakueki”的文章，并正在准备重新考虑中世纪的“kentokubun”。这两份报告都将在下一个财政年度公布。

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the system and the actual situation of 'Kendantokubun' (the interest to be gained by land lords when they treat criminal cases) and to reconsider the previous studies of 'Bakueki' (Gambling) and 'sexual crimes against morality (rape or adultery etc.)' , in order to clarify what acts for what reasons were presumed as crimes and according to what procedures those acts were punished.Furthemore, the purpose of this sutdy is to make a data base of key words relating to crime and punishument which ware found in the medieval legal sources previously published.In the fiscical year of 1998, 66 key words relating to crime, pinishment, and criminal procedure were selected, searched for and picked up in the 'Kamakura-ibun' and 'Chusei-Hosei-shiryo-shu(Medieval Legal Sourses)' etc.After that research as much as 15000 words were found, which if made into a data base could greatly contribute to the future research of criminal law history.In the last fiscical year, after accomplishing compilation of the key words, the work on creation of a data base began, ans so thus the main work of this study. In present fiscical year, the aim of this research is to analyze and publish the results, which was delayed due to dificulties with reading the materials. Nevertheless the data base of key words was created in this very report, which will certainly contribute to the development of studies in the medieval criminal history. Presently, an article on 'Bakueki' is being written and the reconsideration of the medieval 'Kendantokubun' is in process of preparation. Both will be publish in the next fiscical year.