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Comparative Research of Market, State, and Commons Regime to Define Sustainable Resource Management System

市场、国家和公地制度的比较研究，定义可持续资源管理系统

基本信息

批准号：
10680547
负责人：
MATSUOKA Shunji
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
Hiroshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10680547/
关键词：
Sustainable Resource Management System Commons Dealings Cost System Design Uncertainty Free Rider Environmental Management of Air Forest Management 持続的資源管理資源配分システム日本林業非営利セクター

项目摘要

We carried out a comparative research on the three systems of forest management viz. market, state, and commons regime in sustainable use of environmental resources, and also discussed about the role, function, and the best combination of each system.Firstly, we research about each management system for the forest resources of Japan. We found that all types of forest management organization of Japan (market, state, and commons), which depend on forestry as industry, cannot achieve Sustainable Forest Management. As a result, we reached the conclusion with a necessary enhancement of the volunteer organization, which was putting the new value on forest, as it neither controlled by the trend of the wood market, and nor to aim at the only harvest of the market goods of wood production in the past, but to aim at the public maintenance function of the forest.Next, we researched about the difference between the environmental regulation and a voluntary environmental management action by the eco … More nomic enterprise. The Command and Control, based on the emission standard, has the possibility to achieve static efficiency. However, it can only achieve dynamic efficiency, if the local government is executing it and it is not being uniformly applied to all the enterprises. Nevertheless, these unequal emission standards also have the problem with large possibility to ruin the fairness of the regulation. On the other hand, the Emission Charge System, which is one of the Market Based Instruments, can achieve static efficiency, but it is difficult to achieve an environmental target. Therefore and it cannot be necessarily said that it is an excellent system for dynamic efficiency. Thus, independent and volunteer means to manage the enterprise activity is by introducing the opening of information for the public and conducting environmental accounting. It can be said that such a system is excellent to achieve the maximum efficiency.The state system is excellent in maintaining fairness. The commons system is excellent in terms of efficiency among the three systems viz. market, state, and commons regime. Because these systems do not perform well as standalone, the Mixed Regulatory System by which three systems are combined is useful. However, in the future, the use of the market regime and the commons regime will become important, as the ratio of the state regime is the largest so far. Less

本文对环境资源可持续利用中的市场、国家和公地三种森林管理体制进行了比较研究，探讨了各体制的作用、功能和最佳组合。首先，对日本森林资源的各种管理体制进行了研究。我们发现，日本所有类型的森林管理组织（市场，国家和公地），依赖于林业产业，不能实现可持续森林管理。因此，我们得出的结论是，志愿者组织必须加强，这是把新的价值观的森林，因为它不受木材市场的趋势，也不针对唯一的收获市场商品的木材生产在过去，而是针对公共维护功能的森林。我们研究了环境管制与环保组织自愿性环境管理行为之间的区别。 ...更多信息 nomic企业。基于排放标准的指挥和控制有可能实现静态效率。但是，只有地方政府在执行，而不是在所有企业中统一应用，它才能实现动态效率。然而，这些不平等的排放标准也存在很大可能破坏监管公平性的问题。另一方面，作为市场化手段之一的排污收费制度虽然可以实现静态效率，但难以实现环境目标。因此，不能说它是一个动态效率很好的系统。因此，管理企业活动的独立和自愿手段是向公众公开信息和进行环境会计。可以说，这样的制度是优秀的，能够实现效率的最大化，国家制度是优秀的，能够维护公平。在市场、国家和公地制度这三种制度中，公地制度是效率最高的制度。由于这些系统单独运行效果不佳，因此将三个系统结合在一起的混合监管系统是有用的。然而，在未来，市场机制和公地机制的使用将变得重要，因为国家机制的比例是迄今为止最大的。少