Comprehensive Research on Improvement of Science & Mathematics Education at Upper Secondary School

本研究于1999-2002年间进行，为期四年，以高中三年级科学与数学成绩测验及高中课程调查为重点。结果在每一年的七份临时报告和第四年年底的五份最后报告中总结。这四年的研究成果摘要如下：2000年2月，日本对高中数学和科学课程进行了调查，并将问卷邮寄给日本所有高中。在所有学校中，约有80%的学校作出回应，即5003所高中和6631门课程。发现了以下事实。在他们的课程中，数学三占51%，物理二占41%。在三年级学生中，26%的学生选修了数学三，17%的学生选修了物理II。高三学生的科学和数学成绩测试是在11月…期间进行的按两步分层随机抽样方法，从全日本全日制课程中抽取4205名学生，共85门全日制课程，于2000年9月至12月进行调查。发现了以下事实。与大约20年前的同类调查结果相比，数理科学生的成绩差异不大。2002年10月，日本进行了一项关于知识者对未来高中数学和理科教育模式的意见调查。2000-2002年对其他国家的数学教育进行了调查和分析。在调查结果、推进项目和美国的传播方法中，荷兰的现实主义数学、英国的国家考试和瑞士的文科高中数学教育是主要的特点。2001-2002年进行了课堂教学研究(Jugyo-kenkyu)，以找出改进数学课堂教学的方向，并明确了方法论的课例研究模式。认为课例研究的关键是制定和实施课例研究计划、一堂又一堂实验课召开研究会、做课例研究报告，并在此基础上提出了未来科学数学教育模式。较少

This research had been conducted four years during 1999-2002, focused on achievement test in science and mathematics for the third grade of upper secondary schools and survey on curriculum of upper secondary schools. The results were concluded in seven interim-reports in each year and five final-reports in the end of the fourth year. Summary of research results during these four years are as follows.Survey on curriculum of mathematics and science in upper secondary Schools were conducted in February 2000 to send questionnaires by mail to all upper secondary schools in Japan. Of all, about 80 % of schools responded, namely, 5003 upper secondary schools and 6631 courses. The following facts were found. Among their courses, Math III was set in 51% and Physics II in 41%. Among the third grade students, 26% of the students took Math III and 17% of the students took Physics II.Achievement test in science and mathematics for the third grade of upper secondary schools were conducted during Nov … More ember to December 2000 for 4205 students in 85 whole-day courses that were selected from all whole-day course in Japan by the two steps stratified random sampling. The following facts were found. Comparing the results with the results of the same type of survey conducted about 20 years ago, there was not so much achievement difference in students of mathematics and science courses between the two results.Survey on opinions on the future model for mathematics and science education of upper secondary school by knowledgeable people in Japan was conducted in October 2002. Ninety people responded to write their opinions.Mathematics education of other countries was surveyed and analyzed durinlg 2000-2002.Among the results, advancing projects and the dissemination method in US, realistic mathematics in the Netherlands, national tests in UK and upper secondary mathematics education for liberal arts in Switzerland were found as main features.Lesson research (Jugyo-kenkyu) had conducted during 2001-2002 to find direction of improvement of mathematics classroom teaching and to clarify model of lesson research for the methodology. The following points were recognized as crucial in lesson research ; setting and conducting plan for lesson research, research meeting after experimental lesson and making reports for the lesson research.After these research and survey, future models for science and mathematics education were proposed. Less