The Creation and Innovation of Ventures in the Age of Global Economy

由于亚洲经济危机，日本公司对亚洲国家的外国直接投资(FDI)在1987年至1998年期间受到削弱。然而，日本经济的全球化进程仍在继续。它席卷了每一个工业部门和公司，无论它是否进行了外商直接投资。今天，即使在国内市场，也需要全球的商业观点来创造新的业务。这一趋势也为基于全球区域经济网络发展的企业带来了商机。在日本西部著名的亚洲门户城市福冈，国际会议的服务企业和互联网的信息技术企业正在涌现，但亚洲国家的FDI问题却很严重。对外商直接投资的优惠待遇曾经有效地将外国公司与当地的麻烦隔离开来，我们称之为“胶囊”，但现在这种优惠待遇正在放松。外国公司被迫建立适应当地政治经济条件的管理方式，特别是地区性中小型公司和企业，通常没有足够的管理资源来发展自己的海外子公司，受到了严峻的条件。根据我们的实证研究，如果这些公司能够在车间与当地合作伙伴建立基于自愿行动的合作管理，它们就能成功地运营其海外子公司。我们认为，在当地胶囊崩溃后，FDI成功的关键是发展和积累能力，创造适合当地情况的行动型管理。在全球化时代，如何培养适应全球经济的商务人才，如何构建适应当地国情的核心竞争力，不仅是企业在国外业务中取得成功的关键，也是企业在国内业务中取得成功所不可或缺的。

The foreign direct investment (FDI) of Japanese companies into Asian countries was weakened during 1987 to 1998 because of Asian economic crisis. However, the globalization of Japanese economy was still marching on. It swept over every industrial sector and firm whether it did FDI or not. Today global viewpoint of business is needed to create a new business even in domestic market. This trend also brought the business chances for ventures which are based on the development of global network of regional economy. In Fukuoka, the prominent gateway city for Asia in the western Japan, the service ventures of international convention and the information technology ventures of internet are coming out.But the serious problem regarding FDI happens in Asian countries. The favorable treatment of FDI that functions effectively to seal the foreign companies off the local troubles, we call it "capsule", becomes to be loosened. Foreign firms are forced to build up the management way to adapt the local conditions of political economy Especially, regional small and medium-seized companies and ventures, which usually have not enough management resources to develop their oversea subsidiaries by themselves, are put on severe conditions. According to our empirical research, these companies will operate their oversea subsidiaries successfully if they can build up the co-operative management based on voluntary actions with local partners at the shopfloor.We think that the key of success of FDI after the collapse of local capsule is to develop and to accumulate competences for creation of action-based management adaptive to local conditions. How to breed business experts regarding global economy and how to construct the core competence to adapt the local conditions are indispensably important for ventures to succeed in not only foreign business but domestic business in the age of globalization.