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A study in the development of functional materials for diaper suited for person of advanced age

适合高龄者纸尿裤功能材料的开发研究

基本信息

批准号：
11680102
负责人：
NAKANISHI Tadashi
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Ochanomizu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680102/
关键词：
diaper gel poly (vinyl alcohol)poly (ethylene oxide)absorbency of water solute-specific swelling anionic surfactant 膨潤

项目摘要

The object of this study is to develop functional get materials for diaper suited for advanced age. The gels examined were prepared by irradiating aqueous solutions of poly (vinyl alcohol)(PVA) and poly (ethylene oxide)(PEO) with gamma ray of cobalt 60. The swelling behaviors in pure water or aqueous solutions of the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal salts, urea and anionic surfactants were investigated. The ion- and solute- specific swellings were observed : for example, PVA get deswelled in the solutions containing strongly hydrated anions, and swelled in the solutions containing strongly hydrated cations. These results were interpreted in terms of the interactions between the polymer and the ion through the hydration layers. PEO get swelled abruptly in the aqueous anionic surfactant solution of the concentration over the critical micelle concentration. The swelling was reasonably understood by assuming that the anionic surfactant interacts with the PEO chains to form polyanion. The swelling degree of PEO gels in anionic surfactant solution and the surfactant concentration at which the gel swelled abruptly were affected by added simple salts, for example, sodium chloride, mainly through the interactions between the surfactant and the salts. The specific interactions as mentioned above is found to be important for designing of functional gel materials for diaper suited for advanced age.

本研究的目的是开发适合老年人使用的功能性尿布材料。所研究的凝胶是用钴60的伽马射线辐照聚乙烯醇(PVA)和聚氧乙烯(PEO)的水溶液制备的。研究了其在纯水或碱金属、碱土金属盐、尿素和阴离子表面活性剂水溶液中的溶胀行为。观察到了离子和溶质特有的溶胀：例如，PVA在含有强烈水合阴离子的溶液中脱水，在含有强烈水合阳离子的溶液中溶胀。根据聚合物和离子之间通过水合层的相互作用解释了这些结果。在超过临界胶束浓度的阴离子表面活性剂水溶液中，PEO发生突然溶胀。通过假设阴离子表面活性剂与PEO链相互作用形成聚阴离子，可以合理地理解溶胀。PEO凝胶在阴离子表面活性剂溶液中的溶胀度和凝胶突然膨胀时的表面活性剂浓度主要通过表面活性剂与盐类之间的相互作用而受加入的简单盐如氯化钠的影响。上述特殊的相互作用对于设计适合老年人使用的功能性尿布凝胶材料具有重要意义。