Archaeological Study on the Tax Collection of the Rice in Ancient Japan

日本古代稻米征税的考古研究

基本信息

项目摘要

There were Kokuto (the rice grain which was not husked) and Eito (the rice ear) in the form of the stored rice in ancient Japan. Both were often stored in Kura (a high floor warehouse). But as for the latter, it was sometimes stored in Oku (a low floor or earth floor warehouse). Shoso (official granaries) were composed by Kokuso (Kura which Kokuto were stored in) and Eiso (Kura which Eito were stored in).The average of floorage of Kura in the remains of Shoso is as much as 50 m^2. And generally the plane scale and the height of a Kokuso are larger than Eiso. The possibility is high that Kura of the length of the beam line of 9m and more (beyond floorage 50 m^2) was built as Kokuso, and the small-scale Kura under 5m (under 20 m^2) was built as Eiso.Kura inside the village and the influential person's residence is concentrated on less than 25 m^2. So it can be thought that these small-scale Kura is generally Eiso, if they were rice granaries. This means the next things that the farmer harvested fundamentally rice in the form of Eito, and the threshing Eito should be extra work for the farmer. Then, for the local class of an influential person, it was unnecessary to store up rice in the shape of Kokuto in a long time, and then it is shown that is was collected and kept in the shape of Eito, because Eito was suitable for the management of the usury.And the class of influential persons had rice granaries inside their agriculture management facilities. Then, these rice granaries are presumed to play an important part for the farm management and the private usury management.
在古代日本,储存大米的形式有“Kokuto”(未去壳的米粒)和“Eito”(稻穗)。两者通常都存放在 Kura(高层仓库)。但后者有时会存放在奥库(低层或土楼仓库)中。正仓(官方粮仓)由国仓(存放黑斗的仓)和荣仓(存放永斗的仓)组成。正仓遗址中仓的平均建筑面积达50 m^2。一般而言,Kokuso 的平面比例和高度都比 Eiso 大。梁线长度9m以上(建筑面积50m^2以上)的藏被建造为“国庄”,5m以下(20m^2以下)的小型藏被建造为“荣庄”的可能性较高。村内的藏和权贵住宅集中在25m^2以下。因此可以认为,如果这些小规模的库拉是稻谷的话,那么它们通常就是Eiso。这意味着农民接下来主要以 Eito 的形式收割稻米,而脱粒 Eito 对农民来说应该是额外的工作。那么,对于当地的权贵阶层来说,没有必要以“黑东”的形式长期储存大米,进而表明,以“荣土”的形式收集和保存米,因为“荣土”适合高利贷的管理。而且权贵阶层在他们的农业管理设施内拥有米仓。那么,这些米仓被认为在农场管理和私人高利贷管理中发挥着重要作用。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(11)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
YAMANAKA Toshiji: "Scale of Government Office Buildings"Government Offices in Ancient Japan. 1. 148-151 (2003)
山中俊二:“政府机关建筑的规模”古代日本的政府机关。
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山中敏史: "地方官衙と労働力編成"日本史研究. 478号. 40-46 (2003)
山中俊文:“地方政府机关和劳动组织”日本历史研究第478. 40-46(2003)。
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YAMANAKA Toshiji: "Manpower Organization by Local Government Offices"Journal of Japanese History. No.489. 40-46 (2003)
山中俊二:“地方政府机关的人力组织”日本历史杂志。
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    0
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山中敏史: "正倉の規模と穎穀収納量をめぐる若干の問題"文化財論叢. III. 441-460 (2002)
Toshifumi Yamanaka:“有关精藏规模和粮食储存量的一些问题”文化财产评论 III 441-460(2002 年)。
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YAMANAKA Toshiji: "Plane Form of Government Office Buildings"Government Offices in Ancient Japan. 1. 144-147 (2003)
山中俊二:“政府办公楼的平面形式”古代日本的政府机关。
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YAMANAKA Toshiji其他文献

YAMANAKA Toshiji的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('YAMANAKA Toshiji', 18)}}的其他基金

The Archaeological Research about the Formation Process of the Local Administrative Organization (Koku-Gun System) of Rituryou State in Ancient Japan
古代日本律陵国地方行政机构(国郡制)形成过程的考古研究
  • 批准号:
    19520667
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
The Archaeological Investigation of the Construction Technology of the Local Administrative Office Building in Ancient Japan
古代日本地方行政衙门建筑建造技术的考古调查
  • 批准号:
    15320114
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Studies of Sites of Mansions of Locally Prominent Clans
地方名族宅邸遗址研究
  • 批准号:
    09610417
  • 财政年份:
    1997
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
The Investigation of Archaeological Sites of the Smallest Unit of the Local Administrative Organization in Ancient Japan
古代日本地方行政机构最小单位的考古遗址调查
  • 批准号:
    06610387
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Research on the sections and their facilities belonged to ancient local government offices especially belonged to provincial and county government offices
古代地方衙门尤其是省、县衙门的科室及其设施研究
  • 批准号:
    02610194
  • 财政年份:
    1990
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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