The Archaeological Investigation of the Construction Technology of the Local Administrative Office Building in Ancient Japan

本次调查旨在了解“奇霍坎加”的施工工艺特点通过分析“hottatebasira-tatemono”等建筑的考古特征，（柱子直接嵌入地下的建筑），在古代日本的“chiho-kanga”遗址中被挖掘出来（7世纪-世纪），从建筑物的基础结构、形式、平面尺度、hasira-horikata的深度等方面提取了建筑物考古学特征的各种属性（立柱坑）、建筑物平面结构、规模。然后将这些属性的数据制成数据库，并与强大的宗族住宅和村庄建筑进行比较，以检查“chiho-kanga”建筑的建造技术的特点。下面的事情可以被估计为这个结果。首先，关于“chiho-kanga”， 关于我们 证明了具有大的“hasira-horikata”（用于竖立柱子的坑）的建筑物、具有以局部形式整齐地排列在一条线上的“hasira-horikata”的建筑物的数量比率高。这表明采用了机械沿着线路挖掘“hasira-horikata”的技术，这种形式与“chiho-kanga”的大规模建筑施工密切相关。此外，每根柱子都排列在直线上，成为一对，在许多情况下，柱子之间的跨度长度相等，平面比例很大，“hasira-horikata”更深。至于上述特征，可能表明，进行了标准化设计，提供了高质量的木材，存在高精度的构件加工技术，后方有丰富的物资供应和工人劳动组织，并有指挥和监督的“齐霍坎加”建设监督制度。少

This investigation aimed at making clear it about the characteristics of construction technology of "chiho-kanga"(the local administrative office building) by analyzing the archaeological features of building such as "hottatebasira-tatemono"(building with pillars embedded directly in the ground) where it is excavated in sites of "chiho-kanga" in ancient Japan (the seventh century-the 10th century).So, the various attributes of the archaeological features of building were extracted in such cases as the foundation structure of the building, the form, plane scale, depth of hasira-horikata(pit for erecting a pillar), and the plane structure, scale of the building. Then, data on those each attributes were made a database.Then, it was examined about the characteristic of the construction technology of "chiho-kanga" building by comparing it with the powerful clan residence house and the building of the village. The following thing could be estimated as that result.First, as for "chiho-kanga", … More it was proved that the ratio of the number of buildings with the one which a large "hasira-horikata"(pit for erecting a pillar), the building with "hasira-horikata" which stood in a line tidily by the part form was high. That shows that the technique to dig "hasira-horikata" mechanically along the line was adopted and that form was strongly related to large-scale building construction of "chiho-kanga". Moreover, each pillar is arranged onto the straight line, and it becomes a pair, and the length of the span between pillars is equal in many case, and a plane scale is large, and "hasira-horikata" is deeper.As for the above characteristics, it probably shows, that standardized design was made and that high-quality lumber was supplied and the member processing technology of the high precision existed, and that there were rich material supply and labor organization of the workman at that back and "chiho-kanga" construction system for supervision to command them and to supervise it existed. Less