POLYMERIZATION MECHANISMS OF MELANOIDlN AND ITS EFECTS ON THE SUPPRESSION OF IMMUNE STSEM

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In order to elucidate the polymerization mechanisms and chemical strucure of melanoidins formed by the reaction of xylose and glycine, we observed that yellow pigments are related the formation of blue pigment (Blue-M1, the intermediate of malanodins) . Xylosone (XLO) and 3-deoxyxylosone (3DX) were identified as dicarbonyl compounds in xylose-glycine reaction systems. N-Carboxymethylpyrrole aldehyde (CMPA) was also identified as a potent intermediate of Blue-M1. It is speculated that XLO and 3DX condensate to glycine, respectively, to form two types of intermediate of yellow pigments, then they condensate to CMPA to form yellow compounds. Blue-M1 is considered to be formed by the decarboxylation of two types of yellow pigments. Blue-M1 thet reacts readily to yellow compounds has polymerizing activity, suggesting it is an important Maillard reaction intermidiate through the formation of melanoidins. Blue-M2 is thought to be formed by the addition reaction of yellow pigment to Blue-M1. In an advanced stage of the Maillard reaction, mealnoidins may be formed such a polymerization reaction.The effects on the suppression of allergy reaction by melanoidins were investigated. The marker of allergy reaction was used the expression ratio of the IFN-γ mRNA being cytokine of Th1 type. Ovalbumin was used as an antigen and immunidized by mice (BALB/c). The spleen cell was incubated in the medium of RPMI-1640. The results indicated that IFN-γ mRNA was increased with the presence of melanoidins on the immunization of the antigen, but not without the melanoidins. Malanoidins had no effect of the expression of IL-4 mRNA being cytokine of Th2 type. These results indicate the suppression effects of melanoidins on allergy reaction.